摘要近些年来，由于石墨烯的独特的光学、电学、力学和热学性能，越来越受到人们的关注。氧化镍纳米颗粒则具有比表面积大、催化活性高等优点，广泛用于传感器、催化等领域。将氧化镍纳米颗粒负载在石墨烯表面，可以能够集合两种材料的优点，拓展其应用领域。86924

本设计利用室温自催化的方法来合成石墨烯/氧化镍纳米复合材料，用硼氢化钠作为还原剂，镍本身作为催化剂。该方法避免使用有较强毒性的水合阱等还原剂，具有绿色环保安全等优点。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析产物的微观形貌，结果表明氧化镍纳米颗粒可以均匀的分散在石墨烯表面；利用能谱仪（EDX）分析产物的组成及各组成比重，以此为依据分析不同镍盐含量的样品对催化性能的影响；通过拉曼光谱（Raman）来分析石墨烯/氧化镍纳米颗粒复合物的电子结构，研究镍盐含量和硼氢化钠含量对产物结构缺陷的影响；最后，利用紫外分光光度仪测试石墨烯/氧化镍复合材料在催化降解亚甲基蓝的反应效率，通过谱图分析镍盐和硼氢化钠对降解过程的影响。研究结果表明，随着镍盐含量的增加，催化活性依次增大，还原剂的加入量对催化剂的活性影响很小。

毕业论文关键词：石墨烯 氧化石墨烯 氧化镍 催化 亚甲基蓝

Abstract In recent years, the graphene attract more and more attention, due to it's unique optical, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties。 Nickel oxide has been widely used in the application of sensor and catalysis due to its high specific surface area and high catalytic activity。 By loading the nickel oxide particles on the surface of graphene, the advantages of these two material can be combined and optimized, so the application can be expanded。 

In this design, graphene/nickel oxide nanocomposites was prepared at room temperature via self-catalytic method, and the sodium borohydride and nickel was used as the reductant and catalyst respectively。 This method can avoid the use of strong toxic hydrazine monohydrate and other catalyst, to protect the personal safety and avoid the environmental pollution。 We observe the morphology of the product by SEM, take this analysis the binding properties of graphite and nickel oxide and analysis the influencing factors; Using EDX analyze the composition and the composition proportion of product,analyzing the influence of samples with different nickel salt content on the catalytic performance; Raman spectroscopic analysis will help us understand the effects of different content and different nickel salt content of reducing structural defects in the product; Finally, UV spectrophotometer test graphene/nickel oxide composite catalytic efficiency degradation of methylene blue, then analyzing the influences of nickel salts and sodium borohydride in degradation process according to the spectrogram。 The results showed that with the nickel salt increased, the sample shown higher catalytic activity。 The amount of reducing agent has little impact on the activity of catalyst。

Keywords: graphene graphene oxide, nickel oxide catalytic methylene blue。

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1石墨烯 1

1。1。1石墨烯的结构 1

1。1。2石墨烯的性能 2

1。1。3石墨烯的制备方法 3

1。2氧化石墨烯 4

1。2。1氧化石墨烯的结构与性能 4

1。2。2氧化石墨烯的制备方法 5

1。3氧化镍 5

1。3。1氧化镍的结构