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摘 要 本文采用数值模拟软件DEFORM-3D V10.2对铝合金镦粗变形过程中的应变场分布进行了模拟研究，并通过数据处理得出应变场分布的规律。模拟结果表明：铝合金试样内部存在不均匀变形，表面变形小，靠近中心位置的部分，其应变值越大，对称中心处数值最大。且随压下量的增大，应变也同时增大，但不同位置处应变的增大各不相同，通过数值模拟结果得出，表面处的应变值增大较小，而中间部位的应变值增大较大。随后, 采用嵌入螺柱法对上述数值模拟结果进行了实验验证，两者基本一致，从而验证了数值模拟方法在分析铝合金镦粗变形过程应变场方面的可操作性和可靠性。最后，分别用Gauss函数、Lorentz函数以及Voigit函数对模拟得到的Z轴方向和X轴方向不同位置处的应变分布规律进行了拟合分析，发现镦粗变形过程中的应变分布规律可用Gauss函数、Lorentz函数以及Voigit函数较好地表达。27692
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关键词：铝合金；镦粗；嵌入螺柱法；数值模拟；应变场
Abstract
In this paper,use DEFORM-3D finite element software aluminum upsetting deformation strain field distribution in the simulation study,Analyzed under different conditions affect the course of the experiment on the material of the strain field distribution, the conclusion that the law of the strain field distribution through data processing.The results show that:Aluminum sample exists inside the uneven deformation, surface distortion, near the center portion , the greater the strain , the maximum point value of zero radius .And with the amount of reduction is increased, the strain also increases , but at different locations different strain increases , strain increases at the surface is small, and the strain value of the intermediate portion is increased larger .Then , using embedded at different locations inside the specimen strain stud method were measured with statistics, numerical simulation and experimental results were compared between the two are basically the same , in order to verify the analyzing aluminum upsetting deformation process strain field aspects of operability and reliability.Finally respectively Gauss function , Lorentz function and Voigit function Z -axis direction and the X -axis direction midline simulated strain distribution were fitted , found the distribution of upsetting deformation strain available Gauss function , Lorentz function and Voigit expression function better .
Keywords：Aluminum; Upsetting; screw method; Numerical Simulation; Strain field
目录
1绪论 3
1.1铝合金简介 3
1.1.1铝合金基本信息 3
1.1.2铝合金的金属特点以及应用 3
1.1.3铝合金的分类 4
1.2圆柱形坯料镦粗工艺 5
1.3 数值模拟技术在金属塑性变形过程中的应用 7
1.4嵌入螺柱法测量应变中的应用 8
1.5 选题的目的和意义 10
1.6本课题的研究内容 11
2有限元数值模拟及DEFORM简介 12
2.1 引言 12
2.2有限元计算方法特点 12
2.3 DEFORM简介与特点 12
2.4 DEFORM软件操作流程 13
2.5 DEFORM-3D 在道钉成形上的模拟应用 15
3铝合金镦粗变形过程应变场分布的研究 17
3.1 引言 17
3.2 建立有限元模型 17
3.3 数值模拟结果及分析 20
3.4实验验证 23
3.4.1实验设备 23
3.4.2实验方案及数值模拟结果验证 25
3.5铝合金6061应变分布模拟结果的函数拟合 37