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ABSTRACT: This work focuses on the design and manufacture of a scroll compressor used in an automobile air conditioning system. A scroll compressor is a positive-displacement machine that compresses air with two interfitting spiral shaped scroll members. This compressor is of semi-hermetic design, and is quiet, reliable and efficient in performance. @JASEM
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The main function of a compressor is to admit fluid 23496
from a low-pressure region, compress it and deliver it
to a high-pressure region (Rogers; Mayhew, 1994).
Compressors are classified into displacement type
and turbo type. The displacement types are further
classified into reciprocating type and Rotary type
(Creux, 1995). A Scroll compressor is a type of
rotary type compressor. They are positive
displacement machine that uses the compression
action provided by two intermeshing spiral shaped
scrolls, in which one is fixed and the other orbiting,
(ASHRAE, 2004). Typical scroll compressors for
automobile air conditioning system consists of the
following components: Scrolls, Casing, shaft,
bearing, refrigerant chamber, rubber seal, balancing
spring, magnetic clutch and pressure valve, as shown
in Figure 6. 论文网
Modern scroll compressor technology development
only began in the 1970s where the concept of scroll
compressor was re-invented by a refrigeration
industry. Since their introduction into the air
conditioning industry in the late 1980s, scroll
compressors have been successful in a wide variety
of both residential and commercial applications. In
air conditioning, smaller compressors are found in
residential and vehicle systems such as heat pump
systems used to heat and cool inpidual homes or
businesses. Larger compressors are found in
commercial applications such as process chillers and
in a variety of condensing unit systems. Refrigeration
scroll compressors are applied in a wide range of
applications including supermarket racks, bulk milk
cooling truck transport and marine containers
(American Refrigeration Institute, 1998; Carrier,
2004)
In this work, we present the design and manufacture
of a Scroll Compressor of an automobile air
conditioning system. To the best of our knowledge
compressors are not currently produced within our
country. Thus a lot of foreign exchange is being spent
in importing them. Consequently, this research makes
available the technology of scroll compressor design
and manufacture; which will result in improvement
of our economy and also advance our nation
technologically.
Mode Of Operation And Compression Process: The
design concept is based on the use of two
intermeshing spiral scrolls to compress (as shown in
Fig. 1) air by rotating the shaft through a drive unit
from an electric motor. The flanks of the upper and
lower scroll vanes form crescent shaped pockets. As
the lower scroll orbits, the sealing points on the vane
flanks moved inward pushing crescent shaped
pockets toward the involute center. As the pockets
move, they decrease in volume and consequently
compress the trapped gas (McCulloughm, 1979;
Wang; Chopey, 1994).
The first orbit begins with the ends of both scrolls
fully open, allowing the interstitial space to fill with
low-pressure refrigerant gas. The lower scroll’s orbit
eventually closes the first pocket of refrigerant gas.
As the first orbit ends, the first pair of crescent
shaped pockets has moved inward to a middle
position and the scroll’s outer ends begin opening
again to admit more low pressure refrigerant gas. The
second orbit pushes the first gas pocket toward the
center of the scroll set, continually decreasing the gas