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摘要工作记忆是现代心理学研究的重要研究内容，而注意焦点转换是一种重要的工作记忆执行功能，近几年来，研究者对注意焦点转换现象的研究越来越多。本研究两个实验分别采用复杂和简单的更新任务，考察反应-刺激时间间隔对注意焦点转换的影响。45730
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实验一要求被试为红、绿、蓝三种颜色分别保持一个初始数值，接下来，每次要求被试提取其中的一个数值，并对数值进行更新。最后要求被试分别输入三种颜色对应的最终数值。实验一设置两种反应-刺激时间间隔，分别为100ms和500ms。结果发现，两种时间间隔条件下都存在注意焦点转换代价；且两种时间间隔条件下的注意焦点转换代价差异不显著。
实验二同样要求被试为红、绿、蓝三种颜色分别保持一个初始数值，但被试无需提取颜色的数值，而只需对颜色的数值进行更新。实验二也设置两种反应-刺激时间间隔：100ms、500ms。结果发现，两种时间间隔条件下都存在注意焦点转换代价；且两种时间间隔条件下的注意焦点转换代价差异显著。
结论：（1）在复杂任务条件下，反应-刺激时间间隔不影响注意焦点转换过程；（2）在简单任务条件下，反应-刺激时间间隔影响注意焦点转换过程。
[毕业论文关键词]：注意焦点转换；反应-刺激时间间隔；提取且更新；更新
Abstract
The working memory is an important content of modern cognitive psychology. Focus switching is a very important executive function in working memory，as many researchers do more and more research about it in recent years. The two experiments in the paper used the complex and simple updating tasks to study the effect of response-stimulus interval on the switch of focus of attention.
Experiment 1, participants were asked to memory the three colors of red, green, blue that respectively represent an initial digit. Next, subjects were asked to extract a value and update it with the operation result. Finally, the subjects need to report the final value corresponding three kinds of color. Experimental 1 sets two kinds of response-stimulus interval, respectively 100ms and 500ms. The results showed that, under the two kinds of time interval conditions, there exists the switch cost of focus of attention; but no significant difference found.
Experiment 2, participants also had to remember the three colors of red, green, blue that respectively represent an initial digit. But, subjects don’t need to extract the digit, but only need to update the digit. Similarly, experiment 2 sets two kinds of response-stimulus interval, respectively 100ms and 500ms. The results showed that, under the two kinds of time interval conditions, there existed the switch cost of focus of attention; and with significant difference found.
Conclusions: (1) under the complex task condition, response-stimulus interval did not affect the process of the switch of focus of attention; (2) under the simple task condition, response-stimulus interval affected the process of the switch of focus of attention.
[Key Words]：Switch cost of focus of attention; Response-stimulus interval; Extract and update; Update
目 录
摘 要I
ABSTRACT•II
1 前言1
1.1 工作记忆及注意焦点转换的概念1
1.2 注意焦点转换的理论基础1
1.3 注意焦点转换的影响因素2
1.4 问题的提出4
2 实验一4
2.1 研究方法4
2.1.1 被试4
2.1.2 实验仪器和实验材料4
2.1.3 实验设计4
2.1.4 实验程序4
2.2 结果5
3 实验二6
3.1 研究方法6
3.1.1 被试6
3.1.2 实验仪器和实验材料6
3.1.3 实验设计7
3.1.4 实验程序7
3.2 结果8
4.讨论9
5. 本研究的不足以及今后展望10
6．结论10
参考文献•11