摘要我国产煤量位居世界第一，在未来比较长的时间内，以煤矿为资源的开发利 用格局是不会改变的。不仅对社会经济的发展起着推动作用，而且还对生态环境 有着很大的影响。随着现在社会对煤炭开发利用越来越大，产生的“三废”污染 与环境保护之间的矛盾、地表沉陷带来的环境上的问题,土地资源、生态资源、 水资源的破坏和消耗也变得很突出，成为煤炭发展的制约因素。

本课题 我是 根据 可持 续发 展对 土地 复垦 的要 求,明确 指出 开发 塌陷 地要以生态保护发展为前提。 通过对煤矿塌陷区土地资源的综合评价，依据 评价结果，并结合实际条件，因地制宜、因时制宜提出相应的治理方法。我在本 文中主要强调的是煤矸石充填复垦和深挖垫浅的非充填复垦。73968

最后,以徐州孔庄煤矿塌陷区的综合治理为实例,紧密的结合充填复 垦和深挖垫浅的方法。根据对当地的自然、 经济、环境的可行性分析,最 终决定采用深挖垫浅的复垦方法， 把相应的区域深挖开发成鱼塘、 蓄水 池； 或者垫浅开发成耕地， 种植果树等。

毕业论文关键词： 煤矿塌陷地、 评价、 生态治理、 孔庄煤矿、 煤矸石充填、 深挖垫浅

Abstract The most of coal in the world is my country, a relatively long period of time in the future, for coal resources development and utilization pattern will not change。 Not only plays an role in the development of social economy, but also has a great influence on the ecological environment。 Now as the society of coal development and utilization is more and more , the "three waster" pollution lead to environmental protection contradiction , on the environment of the problems of surface subsidence, the destruction of land resources, ecological resources, water resources and consumption has also become very outstanding,  become the restriction factor of coal development。

This topic is according to the requirement of the sustainable development of land reclamation, and explicitly points out that the development reclaimed-years to development as the prerequisite to ecological protection。 Through the comprehensive evaluation in coal mining subsidence land resources, according to the evaluation result, and combining the actual conditions, adjust measures to local  conditions, since the corresponding treatment method is put forward。 In this article I mainly emphasizes the filling reclamation and dig shallow not filling reclamation。

At last, as an example of Kongzhuang Coal-ming site in Xuzhou 。The method is tight combination of filling reclamation 。 According to the local natural, economic, environmental, feasibility analysis, finally decided to dig pad shallow reclamation method, the corresponding area dug deep development into fish ponds, reservoirs; Or pad shallow development into farmland, planting fruit trees and so on。

Keywords: coal mine reclaimed-years, evaluation, ecological management, Kongzhuang Coal-ming site, coal gangue filling, digging deep to fill shallow。

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

1 绪论 1

1。1 课题研究的背景和意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 2

1。2。1 国外研究现状 2

1。2。2 国内研究现状 3

1。3 论文的研究内容及结构安排