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摘要：二氯甲烷为无色液体，具有溶解能力强和毒性低的优点。二氯甲烷常大量用于制造安全电影胶片、涂料、聚碳酸酯、醋酸纤文、聚氨酯发泡剂、脱模剂和金属脱脂。三氯甲烷是无色液体，主要用来生产氟利昂，常用作麻醉剂，可用作橡胶、抗生素和油脂的溶剂。本设计课题主要任务内容是以330天/年为生产周期，年产量1万吨的二氯甲烷氯化吸收工段为生产目标进行化工工艺设计，力求做到生产工艺设计合理，物料衡算和热量衡算计算准确及设备设计和设备选型合理。在本设计中,选用甲烷热氯化法来生产，用两个膜式吸收器用来吸收产品。主要完成了工艺计算，设备选型并且绘制了工艺流程图和设备布置图。20218
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关键词: 二氯甲烷；甲烷氯化法；热量衡算；物料衡算
The Design of an annual output of 10000 tons of Methylene chloride production
Abstract: Methylene chloride is a colorless liquid, the advantages is that has low toxicity and good ability to dissolve.Methylene chloride is often used to manufacture a large number of security footage, paint, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate, polyurethane blowing agents, mold release agents and metal degreasing. Chloroform is a colorless liquid, mainly for the production of Freon, used as an anesthetic, can be used as rubber, antibiotics, grease solvent and extractant.The main task of this design project is based on the content of the production cycle of 330 days a year, the annual output of 10000 tons of Methylene chloride chloride absorption section in the chemical process design. It strives to achieve a reasonable production process design, Material balance and heat balance calculation is accurate and reasonable equipment design and equipment selection.In this design,optional thermal chlorination of methane to
produce,with two film absorber for absorbing. The major process is completed calculation,equipment selection and rendering the process flow diagram and equipment layout.
Keyword: Methylene chloride; methane chlorination; heat balance; material balance
目 录
1 总论 1
1.1设计任务的依据 1
1.2 概述 1
1.2.1 产品的主要用途 1
1.2.2 产品的市场需求 2
1.2.3 产品的物理化学性质 3
1.2.4 质量标准 6
1.2.5 二、三氯甲烷的生产方法及特点 6
1.2.6 二、三氯甲烷的生产原理 8
1.2.7 生产工艺流程简述 9
1.3 设计内容 11
2 物料衡算和热量衡算 12
2.1 计算基准 12
2.2 物料衡算和热量衡算 12
2.2.1 反应器的物料衡算和热量衡算 12
2.2.2 空冷器的物料衡算和热量衡算 16
2.2.3 第一膜式吸收器的物料衡算和热量衡算 17
2.2.4 第二膜式吸收器的物料衡算和热量衡算 19
2.2.5 中和塔(填料塔)的物料衡算和热量衡算 22
3主要设备的工艺计算及选型 23
3.1 空冷器 23
3.1.1 计算依据 23
3.1.2 设计计算 23
3.2第一膜式吸收器 24
3.2.1 计算依据 25
3.2.2 换热面积(逆流) 25
3.2.3 吸收面积(并流) 25
3.2.4 进口端kG的查取: 27
3.2.5 出口端kG的查取: 29
3.2.6 HCl被吸收一半时(即xc处)KG的查取 29
3.3第二膜式吸收器 31
3.3.1 计算依据 31
3.3.2 换热面积 32