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摘要本文通过Hummers法制备氧化石墨（GO），采用硼氢化钠为还原剂，通过氧化石墨还原制备石墨烯（RGO），以熔融共混法制备石墨烯/聚丙烯复合材料。利用傅立叶转换红外光谱测试仪（FTIR）、熔体流动速率仪、电子万能试验机、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（TGA）和偏光显微镜等对复合材料的结构特性、热稳定性、力学性能、流动性能和结晶行为等重要性能进行表征与测定，并采用相关的数学模型进行运算分析。实验结果表明，提高石墨烯含量，材料的流动性逐渐降低。其拉伸强度随浓度上升而进一步提高。热重分析表明，材料的热分解活化能随石墨烯含量增加而提高，Kissinger法和Ozawa法的计算结果均佐证了这一结论。非等温结晶动力学的研究表明，石墨烯提高了聚丙烯的相对结晶度，促进其结晶过程，修正Avrami的Jeziorny法能很好描述这一过程。20990
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关键词 石墨烯 聚丙烯 氧化石墨 Hummers法 热稳定性
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Preparation and Characterization of Graphene- Polypropylene Composites
Abstract
Graphite oxide (GO) was synthesized via oxidation of graphite (Hummers method), followed by ultrasonication. Subsequently graphene (reduced graphite oxide, RGO) was prepared by the chemical reduction with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). After that, the RGO / polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by melt mixing. The Structural characteristics, thermo-stability, mechanical property, rheology behavior and crystallization behavior of the composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), melt flow rate instrument, material testing machine, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and polarizing microscope. In this paper, some related mathematical models were used to analyze the results. The results showed that the rheology property of composites was decreased gradually with the increase of RGO content, but the tensile strength was increased. TGA results showed that the activation energies of thermal degradation, calculated by Kissinger method and Ozawa method, were improved with the RGO content increasing. Modified Avrami method (Jeziorny method) was used to evaluate the influence of RGO on the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of PP. The results showed that the incorporation of RGO increased the relative crystallinity and promoted the crystallization process of PP.
Keywords RGO Polypropylene Graphite Oxide Hummers Method Thermo-stability
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 石墨烯简介 1
1.1.1 石墨烯的结构 2
1.1.2 石墨烯的性质 3
1.2 石墨烯的制备 5
1.2.1 机械剥离法 5
1.2.2 氧化还原法 5
1.2.3 外延生长法 6
1.2.4 有机合成法 6
1.3 石墨烯/聚丙烯复合材料的制备 6
1.3.1 溶液共混法 7
1.3.2 熔融共混法 7
1.3.3 原位聚合法 7
1.4 石墨烯/聚丙烯复合材料的性能 8
1.4.1 力学性能 8
1.4.2 电学性能 8
1.4.3 热学性能 8
1.4.4 结晶性能 8
1.5 本论文主要研究内容 9
2 实验部分 9
2.1 实验药品 9