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摘要：铬是一种具有白色光泽的重金属，Cr（VI）的毒性最强。农林废弃物作为重要的生物质吸附材料处理重金属废水一直备受人们关注。本课题选择常见的农林废弃物-木屑作为生物质吸附材料，对木屑吸附水溶液中Cr（VI）的条件及效果进行了实验研究。此项对于农业生物质基处理重金属废水这一领域将具有比较重要的实用价值，同时也具有较大的环境和社会效益。经过不断的试验与调整，分析了含Cr（VI）溶液的初始浓度、溶液pH值、溶液中的木屑投放量以及吸附时间等因素对木屑吸附水溶液中Cr（VI）的影响，同时分析了木屑吸附处理含Cr（VI）溶液的等温吸附过程。实验结果表明：木屑对重金属铬Cr（VI）具有一定的吸附作用，在含Cr（VI）溶液初始浓度为5mg/L，pH值为2.0，木屑投放量为5g/L，吸附时间为60分钟的实验条件下，木屑对含Cr（VI）溶液中的重金属铬的吸附效果最佳，其吸附率可达74%。24231
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毕业论文关键词：木屑；铬；吸附；等温线
Adsorption of chromium by sawdust
Abstract: Chromium is a kind of heavy metals with white gloss, and Cr (VI) is the most toxic contaminant in aqueous solution. The topic of heavy metals by the agricultural and forestry waster-based biomass attracted much attention in recent years. Sawdust is the common agricultural and forestry waste. In this work,sawdust was selected as the biomass adsorbent. The adsorption of Cr (VI) by sawdust was investigated. This will have a more important practical value in the area of agricultural biomass of heavy metal solution treatment, and it also has greater environmental and social benefits. The influence of initial concentration of Cr (VI), the pH value of solution, the dosage of sawdust and the adsorption time on the adsorption of Cr (VI) by sawdust was analyzed. Moreover, the adsorption isotherm of Cr (VI) by the sawdust was also examined. The experimental results showed that sawdust can adsorption Cr (VI) effectively in some degree. When the initial concentration of Cr (VI) is 5mg/L, the optimum adsorption of Cr (VI) could be obtained with pH 2.0, and the sawdust dosage of 5g/L within 60 min and the adsorption percentage could reach up to 74%.
Key Words：sawdust；chromium；adsorption；isotherm equation
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究目的与意义 1
1.1.1 研究目的 1
1.1.2 研究意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 农林生物质吸附剂 2
2 实验部分 3
2.1 研究工作的前提及条件 3
2.1.1实验仪器 3
2.1.2实验试剂 4
2.1.3 吸附溶液配制及Cr（VI）标准曲线测定 4
2.2 吸附实验 5
2.2.1 吸附剂制备 5
2.2.2 吸附处理方法 6
2.3 生物质吸附剂吸附数学模型 7
2.3.1 等温线方程 7
2.3.2 吸附动力学方程 8
3 结果与讨论 9
3.1 吸附时间对Cr（VI）去除率的影响 9
3.2 初始浓度对Cr（VI）去除率的影响 11
3.3 木屑投放量对Cr（VI）去除率的影响 13