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摘要石墨烯具有比较大的比表面积和优良的导电性，将氢氧化钴和氢氧化镍负载在石墨烯上，并形成水凝胶，可明显增大碳材料的比电容，有效提高电极材料的能量密度。本论文通过一步水热合成法制备氢氧化镍/氢氧化钴/石墨烯水凝胶三元复合材料。利用XRD、TEM等手段对复合物水凝胶进行了结构表征，并对其电化学性能进行了研究。研究发现，负载比、反应温度、沉淀剂等都对复合物的电化学性能有重要影响。石墨烯/氢氧化钴/氢氧化镍在质量比为1:1:5，温度在180℃，沉淀剂为尿素时测得最大比电容为1385 F/g。高的比电容能使制得的氢氧化镍/氢氧化钴/石墨烯水凝胶三元复合材料有望用于作为超级电容器的电极材料。25750
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关键词 石墨烯 氢氧化钴 氢氧化镍 水凝胶 超级电容器
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title The preparation of Ternary complex graphene-based hydrogel And its Electrochemical Properties
Abstract
As we known, Graphene has attracted increasing research interest owing its large surface area and good conductivity. Anchoring Ni(OH)2 and Co(OH)2 nanoparticles on surface of graphene sheets can lead to the formation of ternary complex hydrogels, which could obviously increase the specific capacitance of obtained samples , and effectively improve the energy density of electrode material. In this paper, the Ni(OH)2/Co(OH)2/graphene composite hydrogels were successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method. The obtained composite hydrogels were characterized by XRD, TEM and other measurements, and the electrochemical properties were studied. The results shows that the load ratio, reaction temperature and precipitation agent have a important influence on the electrochemical properties of the obtained composite hydrogels. Especially, the Ni(OH)2/Co(OH)2/graphene hydrogels exhibits a high specific capacitance of 1385 F/g, when the sample was prepared at 180℃ using urea as the precipitation agent， with a weight ratio of Ni(OH)2/Co(OH)2/graphene for 1:1:5. The outstanding specific capacitance presented by Ni(OH)2/Co(OH)2/graphene hydrogel make it a promising Supercapacitor.
Keywords Graphene Cobalt hydroxide Nickel hydroxide Hydrogel Supercapacitor
目次
1 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 超级电容器 1
1.3 石墨烯 2
1.4 氧化石墨烯 4
1.5 石墨烯基复合物 5
1.6 氢氧化镍 5
1.7 氢氧化钴 6
1.8 水凝胶 7
1.9 本论文的工作 7
2 实验部分 8
2.1 药品与仪器 8
2.2 氢氧化镍/氢氧化钴/石墨烯水凝胶三元复合材料的制备 8
3 实验结果与讨论 10
3.1 氢氧化镍/氢氧化钴/石墨烯水凝胶三元复合材料的表征 10
3.2 氢氧化镍/氢氧化钴/石墨烯水凝胶三元复合材料的电化学能研究 12
结 论 21
致 谢 22
参考文献23
1 绪论
1.1 引言
随着经济的不断发展，传统的石油煤化能源的枯竭，人类生活环境的日益恶化，绿色环保的新能源的开发以及综合利用已经迫在眉睫。作为21世纪最有潜力和发展前景的绿色新能源，太阳能、核能、风能等可再生能源应运而生。然而这些可再生能源通常都具有波动性和间歇性等特点，因此迫切需要发展成本低廉、能量密度高、环境友好的储能装置[1]。