摘要：水体中的第一类重金属污染的问题是人们迫切需要关注的问题。针对这一问题，吸附法得到了广泛的应用，但传统吸附剂具有较难处理的缺点。在此研究中，选择了磁性壳聚糖-石墨烯复合材料，实现了水中第一种重金属污染物的有效吸附。MCGO是由石墨烯和磁性壳聚糖结合而来的。探讨了它们对水中的Cd（II）污染物的吸附去除，论文的主要探讨内容及结果如下：将磁性材料与氧化石墨烯进行复合，制备了新型的磁性壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料。主要探讨分为两个部分：

1.利用改良的Hummer法合成氧化石墨烯，然后利用化学共沉淀法合成磁性壳聚糖氧化石墨烯复合材料，并将该复合材料应用于水中镉离子的去除与吸附[1]。同时，利用X射线衍射（XRD)、BET对材料进行了表征分析。

2.磁性壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料吸附去除水体中的Cd（II）探讨主要探讨了吸附动力学、吸附等温线、吸附剂剂量及pH值对Cd（II）吸附效果

的影响[2]。

关键词：磁性壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯；改良的Hummer法

Abstract：The treatment of the first class of heavy metal contaminants in water is an urgent concern today. In view of this problem，the adsorption method has been widely used，but the traditional adsorbent has the drawback of difficult recovery. In this study， magnetic graphene nanomaterials were used to achieve efficient adsorption of the first heavy metal

contaminants in water. (MCGO) was prepared by the combination of graphene and iron oxide， and the adsorption and removal of Cd (II) pollutants in water were studied. The

main contents of the paper were studied. And the results are as follows: The new magnetic chitosan / graphene oxide composites were prepared by combining the magnetic materials with graphene. The main research is pided into two parts:

1. The modified Hummer method was used to synthesize graphene oxide， and then

the magnetic chitosan oxide graphene composite was synthesized by chemical coprecipitation method. The magnetic chitosan oxide graphene composite was applied to the methyl orange dyes Removal and sterilization of E. coli. At the same time, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET were used to characterize the materials.

2. Study on Removal of Cd (II) from Water by Adsorption and Removal of Magnetic Chitosan / Graphite Composites the effects of adsorption kinetics， adsorption isotherm， adsorbent dose and initial pH on Cd (II) adsorption were studied.

Keywords: Magnetic chitosan / graphene oxide；Improved Hummer method

目录

摘要 1

第一章绪论 1

1.1中国的水资源现状 1

1.2重金属污染物的特点 1

1.2.1气浮选 5

1.2.2膜分离方法 6

1.2.3化学沉淀的方法 6

1.2.4电解 6

1.2.5生物方法 7

1.3介绍吸附 7

1.3.1影响吸附的几个因素 8

1.3.2吸附剂 9

1.4磁性纳米材料 10

1.5磁性纳米材料在环境吸附中的应用 11

1.6研究的目的，意义和主要内容 12

1.7讨论的主要内容 13

第二章试剂与仪器