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摘要课题主要研究了一种新型的钛基碳膜电容除盐（CDI）电极，主要应用于化工尾水的处理。采用葡萄糖（C6H12O6）和醋酸镍（NiAc2）为前驱体，通过钛板阳极氧化，真空诱导，高温成型和表面改性完成制备，使电容炭材料层可以稳定附着于钛基表面。探讨了钛板打孔的实验条件，真空诱导过程中的表面情况，以及对最终制备好的CDI电极进行性能表征。实验结果表明，20V的恒压电源处理1小时可以得到理想孔隙结构；最终制备的电极板上已经均匀稳定地附着电容碳材料层，且镍浓度为0.2g/L的炭前驱体溶液滴膜电极板效果最佳；在50℃下约5M的硝酸溶液回流24小时可使电极表面的亲水性能得以改善；最终的电极电容量可以达到约270F/g；电极的充放电性能优良，速度快；电极的析氧电位为2V。当电极处理负载量为2L/m2时，最大除盐率约为83.1%。26962
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关键词 化工尾水 电容除盐 活性炭材料 TiO2纳米孔
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Preparation and characterization of a novel capacitive desalination （CDI） electrode
Abstract
A novel kind of titanium base carbon film capacitive desalination （CDI） electrode was successfully prepared for the application in the treatment of chemical tailwater. The glucose （C6H12O6） and nickel acetate (NiAc2) were used as the precursor, then, the CDI electrode was obtained by the process of titanium plate anodic oxidation, vacuum induction, molding in the high temperature and surface modification. By the above process, the capacitive carbon layer can be stably attached to the surface of titanium based plate. The result reveals that the ideal pore structure can be obtained on condition that the constant voltage and reacting time is 20V and 1 hour, respectively. The capacitive carbon material layer had been adhered equably and steadily to the electrode surface. The carbon film electrode with 0.2g/L nickel was further demonstrated which has the best performance. The 24-hours-reflux of 5M nitric acid solution was used to improve the hydrophilicity of the surface at 50℃; The final electrode capacitance can get as high as 270F/g with well charge and discharge performance; The oxygen evolution potential of the optimum electrode is about 2V. The largest desalination rate is about 83.1% under the treatment load of 2 L/m2.
Keywords chemical tailwater capacitive desalination TiO2 nanopore activated carbon material
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 电容除盐（CDI）技术研究历史和进展 2
1.3 电容除离子（CDI）技术理论 3
1.3.1 双电层（electrical double layer，EDL）理论 3
1.3.2 赝电容器储能原理 4
1.4 电极材料 4
1.4.1 石墨 5
1.4.2 活性炭及活性炭纤文 5
1.4.3 炭气凝胶 5
1.4.4 炭纳米管 5
1.5 课题的任务及意义 5
1.5.1 实验计划及流程图 6
２ 材料与方法．８
2.1 实验试剂与材料 8
2.1.1 实验试剂 8
2.1.2 实验材料 8
2.2 实验装置 8
2.2.1 实验中用到的仪器 8