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摘要微管中的气流流动具有强烈的尺度效应。这种尺度效应特性也影响着微推进系统中燃烧室和喷管中气流流动，但是这方面的研究工作比较薄弱，特别是高温燃气流的流动阻力问题尚未解决。本论文通过实验研究的方法主要研究气流在微尺度下的流动特性。采用专门设计的微风洞装置，氮气流作为工作流体，微细石英管作为微通道，其中微管的长度是3cm、内径是0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、2mm，通过使用不同的氮气流流速、不同的微管入口压强及不同内径的微管进行实验，使用压力传感器测量微管两端压强，使用排水法测量氮气流的流速。研究结果表明当微管内径一定时，微管两端压降随着入口压强的增大而线性增加，也随着流体在微管中的流速增大而线性增加；当不同管径的微管的入口压强相近时，微管的内径越小，微管两端压降越大；微管的内径越小，阻力系数与泊肃叶数与理论预测值越接近。26974
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关键词 阻力系数 流速 入口压强 管径 雷诺数
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Experimental research on the flow law of gas flows in micro channels
Abstract
The scale effect has a strong effect on the air flow in micro tubes. This feature also affects the flowing of the air flow in the nozzle and combustion chamber
Of the Micro-propulsion System,but research in the area is relatively weak,
especially the flow resistance issues in the area of high-temperature gas stream remain unresolved.This paper mainly by using the method of experiment research to study the flow characteristics in micro channels.Using a specially designed device as micro wind-tunnel,a stream of nitrogen as the working flow,fine quartz tubes as micro channels, which the length of tubes is 3cm,inner diameter is 0.6mm，0.8mm、1mm、2mm, by using different nitrogen stream flow velocity,different inlet pressure and tubes with different diameter to experiment,using pressure sensors to measure the pressure at both ends of micro tubes,using the method of drain to measure the flow rate of nitrogen stream in the tubes.The results show that when the diameter of micro tube is constant,the pressure drop at the ends of tubes increases linearly with the increase of inlet pressure,also increases linearly with the increase of the flow rate of nitrogen stream;when the inlet pressures of different tubes are similar,the inner diameter of micro tubes is smaller,the pressure drop at the ends of tubes is greater；the inner diameter of micro tubes is smaller，the friction factor and Poiseuille number closer to the theoretical predictions.
Keywords friction factor flow rate inlet pressure diameter Re number
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 微尺度流动的影响因素 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
1.3.1 国外研究现状 2
1.3.2 国内研究现状 3
1.3.3 总结 5
1.4 本论文研究工作 5
2 微风洞装置的设计、搭建与调试 6
2.1 微风洞装置的设计原理 8
2.2 微风洞装置的搭建与调试 9
2.2.1 微风洞装置的搭建 9
2.2.2 微风洞装置的调试 9
3 圆形光滑微细石英管流动阻力特性的实验研究及传热特性的初步探索 11
3.1 使用Fluent模拟软件模拟实验流程 12
3.2 氮气流在微管中的流速对微管阻力特性的影响 13