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摘要近年来，光催化技术作为一种新型的能在环境和能源领域有重要应用前景的绿色技术，在解决环境污染和能源危机的过程中显示出了越来越明显的优势。铋系半导体材料的研究近来取得了很大进展，其抗菌性和光催化降解难降解污染物的作用受到了广泛的关注。其中，卤氧化铋由于其自身独特的层状结构，使它具有了优良的电学、磁学、光学和光致发光性质，因而越来越受到研究者的关注。但BiOCl禁带宽度大，只能被紫外光激发，为了充分利用可见光，本文采用水热合成法制备非常规计量比的Bi12O17Cl2。通过改变铋源、氯源、原料比、酸碱度等参数，制备了纯Bi12O17Cl2及不同组成比的复合物，其禁带宽度均在2.2eV左右。通过样品在可见光下对罗丹明B的光催化降解性能测试分析表明，光催化剂的组成对其本身光催化性能的影响较大。其中，Bi12O17Cl2和BiOCl组成的复合物光催化性能最好。30731
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关键词 Bi12O17Cl2 水热法 光催化 可见光
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Structure Characterization of Bi12O17Cl2 Synthesized by Hydrothermal method
Abstract
As a new green technology which has a significant application prospect in the process to solve energy crisis and environmental pollution, photocatalytic technology shows more and more obvious advantages. Recently, the research in bismuth-containing materials have made great progress. bismuth oxyhalide, as one of the bismuth-containing materials, has excellent electrical, magnetic, optical and photoluminescence properties due to its own unique layered structure.In this study,we synthesized Bi12O17Cl2 with unconventional stoichiometric ratio using a hydrothermal method.we also change the composition of the samples by changing the bismuth precursor, chlorine precursor, ratio of reactant, pH and so on. The band gap of as-prepared samples has been tested and found it was approximately 2.2eV .The photocatalytic ability of as-prepared samples in Rhodamine B was checkouted under visible light. The result shows that there is a close relationship between the samples’component and photocatalytic ability ,a mixture of Bi12O17Cl2 and BiOCl shows the highest photocatalytic ability.
Keywords Bi12O17Cl2 hydrothermal method photocatalysis visible light
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 光催化的意义 1
1.2 主要铋系半导体光催化材料 1
1.2.1 三氧化二铋 1
1.2.2 含铋金属氧化物 1
1.2.3 其他 2
1.3 卤氧化铋的研究现状 2
1.3.1 结构 2
1.3.2 制备技术 3
1.4 本文主要研究工作 3
2 实验部分 5
2.1 实验试剂及仪器 5
2.2 催化剂的制备 6
2.3 材料的表征和分析 7
2.3.1 形貌分析 7
2.3.2 组成分析 8
2.3.3 光学性质分析 8
2.4 光催化活性测试 8
3 实验结果与讨论 9
3.1 结构和形态表征 9
3.1.1 方法1所制备样品的表征 9
3.1.2 方法2所制备样品的表征 11
3.1.3 方法3所制备样品的表征 13
3.1.4 小结 15