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摘要：利用镍、钴的硝酸盐为原料并以二乙烯三胺为结构导向剂，成功地用水热法合成了纯的尖晶石型钴酸镍。用 XRD、SEM、N2 吸脱附法对产物进行了表征，并重点利用循环伏安法和恒流充放电研究了尖晶石型钴酸镍的电化学性能。结果表明：热处理温度、时间，结构导向剂的量对钴酸镍的电化学性能皆有影响；M2+:DETA=3:1 且 250℃退火2h 的钴酸镍电化学性能最好。其微观结构为由纳米级薄片组装成的小球体，孔隙结构丰富， 比电容可达 755.81F/g (1A/g)、 696.23F/g (5A/g)、 635.91F/g (10A/g)、 365.55F/g (50A/g)，甚至当电流密度增至 100A/g时，比电容仍有 252.66F/g。7199
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关键词： 钴酸镍；水热合成；尖晶石；电化学性能
Study on the Electrochemical Property of
Nickel Cobalt Oxide
Abstract: Pure spinel-type nickel cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4) was sucessfully prepared by
hydrothermal synthesis method with nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate as raw materials and
DETA (diethylenetriamine) as structure-directing agent. Product was characterized by XRD,
SEM, physical adsorption/desorption measurements of N2. Electrochemical property was
investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge testing. The results showed
that the electrochemical property was affected by heat-treatment temperature and holding time
as well as the magnitude of DETA. And NiCo2 O4 had the best electrochemical property when
M2+
:DETA was 3:1 and it was annealed at 250℃ for 2 hours, the microstructure of which was
spheres constituted by nanoflakes and abunded with pores, exhibiting high specific
capacitances of 755.81F/g at 1A/g, 696.23F/g at 5A/g, 635.91F/g at 10A/g, 365.55F/g at
50A/g, respectively. And it can remain a specific capacitance of 252.66F/g even when the
current density increases to 252.66F/g.
KeyWords: nickel cobalt oxide; hydrothermal synthesis; spinel; electrochemical property
目 录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 钴酸镍的性质、用途、国内外研究现状 ........................................................................ 1
1.1.1 尖晶石结构介绍 ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 钴酸镍的性质 ............................................................................................................. 3
1.1.3 钴酸镍的应用 ............................................................................................................. 4
1.1.4 超级电容器简介 ......................................................................................................... 6
1.1.5 钴酸镍的国内外研究现状 ......................................................................................... 8
1.2 钴酸镍主要制备方法 ........................................................................................................ 9
1.2.1 机械混合锻烧法 ......................................................................................................... 9
1.2.2 喷雾热分解法 ............................................................................................................. 9
1.2.3 溶胶-凝胶法 .............................................................................................................. 10
1.2.4 电沉积法 ................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.5 共沉淀热分解法 ....................................................................................................... 10
1.2.6 水热及溶剂热法 ....................................................................................................... 11
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