摘  要： 我国涤纶短纤维工业发展遇到许多问题，调整产品结构是一个必然选择，发展功能性纺织品是趋势所在。本次课题相应国家号召，针对于功能性纤维，开发亲水剂，抗菌剂，阻燃剂，抗静电剂四大类涤纶短纤维功能性添加剂。本次研究是采用浸泡的方法来处理涤纶短纤维，该方法比较简单，成本较低。对常规棉型纤维进行预处理，取适量的纤维，用含少量异丙醇水溶液进行漂洗，甩干。然后在处理好的纤维上添加硅油产品，浸泡使纤维充分与溶液接触，5min后甩干，使其OPU达到要求（OPU=0.5%），然后放进105℃的烘箱除掉水分（约20min），转到170℃烘箱7min。经烘箱处理后，对产品进行各项指标的检测，包括柔软性、滑爽性、蓬松性、回弹性、亲水性、抗菌性、阻燃性、含油率（异丙醇，正己烷）的检测，比较和评价不同硅油添加剂在涤纶短纤维上的效果。纤维经过预处理后加入功能性添加剂可以改变纤维原有的功能，达到预期值，满足实际需求。58165

毕业论文关键词： 功能性；涤纶；短纤维；添加剂；上油率

Development and application of polyester staple fiber in functional additives

Abstract: Chinese polyester staple fiber industry has encountered many problems, adjust the product structure is an inevitable choice, it is a trend to develop functional textiles. This issue corresponding national call, and directed to functional fibers. The main topic is the development of polyester staple fiber functional additives, the main functional additives include hydrophilic agent, antibacterial agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents into four categories. The study was conducted by immerse polyester staple fibers, the method is simple with low cost. Pretreatment of conventional cotton fiber, take the right amount of fiber, containing a small amount of aqueous isopropanol rinsing, drying. Then add the silicone oil in dealing with good fiber, Soaking the fibers with the solution was fully in contact, after 5 minutes drying to meet the requirements of OPU (OPU = 0.5%), then into the oven at 105 degrees Celsius to get rid of water (about 20 minutes), and 170 degrees Celsius oven for 7 minutes. After oven treatment, the product of the indicators of the detection, the routine testing of fibers including resistivity, softness, smoothness, fluffy, resilient, hydrophilic, anti-bacterial, flame resistance, oil content (isopropanol, n-hexane) detection, comparison and evaluation of different silicone additive effect on polyester staple fiber.  

Keywords:  Functionality; Polyester; Short-fiber; Additive; Oil content

1. 引言 1

1.1 课题背景 1

1.1.1 功能性纤维发展状况 1

1.1.2 我国涤纶短纤维工业发展状况 1

1.1.3 课题选择依据 2

1.2 添加剂及其他助剂 2

1.2.1 抗静电剂 2

1.2.2 亲水剂 2

1.2.3 抗菌剂 3

1.2.4 阻燃剂 3

1.2.5 其他助剂 3

1.3 功能性添加剂在纤维中的应用 3

1.3.1 功能性纤维 4

1.3.2 油剂在纤维中的应用 4

1.3.3 抗静电剂在纤维中的应用 5

1.3.4 阻燃剂在纤维中的应用 5

1.3.5 抗菌剂在纤维中的应用