凹土基微滤膜处理二氧化钛悬浮液研究
毕业论文关 键 词 ： 二氧化钛，凹土，微滤膜，膜分离
Abstract：Membrane separation technology is an emerging one which has superiority in energysaving, high efficiency and simple equipment in contrast with the traditional separationtechnologies. The microfiltration separation process of Titanium dioxide suspension was studiedwith inorganic attapulgite membrane. The effect on the permeate flux of various operatingparameters, including pore size of membranes, operating conditions such as transmembranepressure and the solution properties were studied respectively. The results showed that permeateflux and retention effects were different for different pore size of membranes. The best pore sizeof membranes was 1500nm. The increasing of surface velocity of membranes was beneficial tothe improvement of the membrane permeate flux. The smaller the slurry concentration, thegreater the permeate flux. The largest membrane permeate flux could be obtained whenoperating conditions such as operating pressure 0.1 MPa, pH less than 7 and so on were ideal.Filtering two hours later, the turbidity of penetrating fluid and residual liquid are 0.450NTU and7220 NTU respectively, suggesting that membrane separation can effectively realize theseparation of Titanium dioxide suspension.
Keywords：Titanium dioxide, attapulgite，microfiltration membrane，membrane separation
目录
1绪论..5
1.1二氧化钛.5
1.1.1二氧化钛的性.5
1.1.2二氧化钛的应用研究进展..5
1.1.3二氧化钛固液分离..6
1.2膜分离..6
1.2.1膜分离简介..6
1.2.2膜分离法的优点6
1.2.3微滤和错流过滤7
1.2.4膜污染及膜清洗8
1.2.5二氧化钛微滤膜的污染清洗及其控制9
1.3本文的研究思路及内容.9
2实验部分11
2.1实验仪器和试剂..11
2.2膜分离实验工艺流程11
2.3实验方法..12
2.3.2膜渗透通量的测定..12
2.3.2浊度的测定..12
2.4实验操作..13
2.4.1工艺参数的选择13
2.4.2膜的清洗13
3结果与讨论..13
3.1膜孔径对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响.14
3.2操作条件对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响16
3.2.1膜面流速对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响..16
3.2.2跨膜压差对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响..18
3.3料液性质对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响20
3.3.1料液pH值对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响20
3.3.2二氧化钛浓度对膜渗透性能及截留效果的影响..22
3.4膜清洗及膜通量的恢复..23
结论..26
参考文献27
致谢..30
1 绪论1.1 二氧化钛1.1.1 二氧化钛的性质二氧化钛， 俗称钛白， 是一种白色固体或者粉末状的两性氧化物， 它的分子量是79.88，作为一种白色无机颜料，它具有无毒的特性，具有最佳的不透明性、最佳的白度和最佳的光亮度，被认为是当今世上性能最好的一种白色颜料。二氧化钛的粘附力强，不易发生化学变化，它被广泛的应用于涂料、造纸、塑料、印刷油墨、橡胶、化纤等工业。它具有很高的熔点，所以也就被用来制造耐火玻璃、釉料，陶土以及耐高温的实验器皿等。二氧化钛可以从金红石中用酸分解提取，或者由四氯化钛分解得到。二氧化钛的性质稳定，被大量的用作油漆中的白色颜料，它具有良好的遮盖能力。二氧化钛一般分锐钛矿型（Anatase，简称 A型）和金红石型（Rutile，简称 R型）[1~6]。二氧化钛的实物照及结构图分别如下：