摘要目前常用的高温酸化缓蚀剂主要有曼尼希碱、季铵盐、咪唑啉等几大类，其中季铵盐因溶解性较好、毒性小、使用方便同时还具有杀菌作用而具有广阔的应用前景。一般采用季铵化试剂与喹啉反应，合成季铵盐型缓蚀剂。本论文以喹啉为原料，在盐酸条件下，通过环氧氯丙烷开环反应合成相关季铵盐，改变反应物配比、反应时间、温度等条件，单因素实验确定最佳合成工艺，然后通过IR、MS等波谱学方法确定了它们的化学结构，采用失重法对它们的缓蚀性能进行了评价， 并讨论了缓蚀剂浓度、腐蚀温度对缓蚀性能的影响，对其缓蚀机理也进行了初步探讨。62983

关键词：  缓蚀剂，季铵盐，缓蚀效率，缓蚀机理

毕业论文毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Abstract Commonly used in high-temperature corrosion inhibitor Mannich base，quaternary ammonium salts，imidazoline and other categories, including quaternary ammonium salt due to better solubility，toxicity，easy to use and also has a bactericidal effect and has broad application prospects. General quaternization reagents and quinoline were synthesized quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor. In this thesis, quinoline as raw materials by the ring-opening reaction of epichlorohydrin synthesis quaternary ammonium salt in hydrochloric acid conditions. Changing the ratio of reactants, reaction time, temperature and other conditions, the single factor experiment to determine the optimal synthesis process, and then their chemical structure are determined by spectroscopic methods such as IR, MS. Their corrosion properties were evaluated by weight loss method, and discussed the influence of the concentration of corrosion inhibitor, corrosion, temperature to corrosion performance. Corrosion mechanism was discussed.

Keywords：corrosion inhibitor, quaternary ammonium salts, inhibition efficiency, inhibition Mechanism   

1  绪论 1

1.1  腐蚀概况 1

1.2  缓蚀剂概述 2

1.2.1  缓蚀剂的定义及特点 3

1.2.2  缓蚀剂的分类 3

1.2.3  有机缓蚀剂的缓蚀作用机理 5

1.2.4  缓蚀剂发展的新要求 7

2  喹啉类季铵盐型酸化缓蚀剂的合成及结构表征 8

2.1  实验试剂与仪器 8

2.2  合成路线 8

2.3  合成步骤 8

2.4  单因素实验 9

2.5  产物的结构表征 12

2.5.1  红外谱图分析 12

2.5.2  紫外图分析 13

2.5.3  质谱图分析 15

3  缓蚀剂缓蚀性能评价 16

3.1  实验部分 16

3.2  实验结果与讨论 17

3.3  缓蚀机理的研究 19

3.3.1  热力学参数的计算 19

3.3.2  等温吸附线 21

4  结论与展望 23

4.1  本论文结论 23

4.2  展望