摘要本课题以硝基苯甲醚废水为研究对象，它主要含有三种典型污染物2,4-二硝基苯甲醚（DNAN）、2,4-二硝基氯苯（DNCB）、2,4-二硝基苯酚（DNP）。这几种目标污染物结构稳定，毒性大，难降解。本论文采用活性炭粉末吸附硝基苯甲醚废水预期以显著降低废水中目标污染物的浓度，提高废水的可生化性。考察pH值、甲醇浓度、多种物质共存体系等因素对吸附进程的影响，并评价此技术在实际废水预处理中的应用。实验结果表明活性炭粉末对DNAN、DNCB、DNP的吸附吸附动力学均满足二级吸附速率方程，达到吸附平衡时间分别为10h、10h、7h。同时三种物质的吸附等温线都更符合Freundlich模型。吸附的最佳pH值为6左右。三种目标污染物共存时会存在竞争吸附，吸附优先顺序为DNCB＞DNP＞DNAN。甲醇的存在将会抑制活性炭对三种物质的吸附，且实际废水中，活性炭对三种主要物质的吸附效果并不明显，因此在实际的高浓度废水不适宜用活性炭此技术进行预处理。63813

毕业论文关键词 硝基苯甲醚废水 活性炭 竞争吸附 甲醇    

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title   Research on the Pretreatment Technology of Nitroanisole Containing Wastewater on Activated Carbons                            

Abstract   The topic used the nitroanisole wastewater as the research object, which contains mainly three kinds of typical contaminants 2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN), 2,4 - Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), 2, 4-Dinitrophenol (DNP). These types of target pollutants was structural stability, toxicity and biodegradable. The topic was to use activated carbon to treat nitroanisole wastewater to significantly reduce the concentration of target pollutants in the water. The biodegradability of the wastewater was improved largely. Investigate the influence of initial pH, methanol concentration and coexistence of a variety of substances system on the adsorption process. And evaluate this pretreatment technology in practical application of wastewater. Adsorption kinetics experiments showed that the adsorption processes of DNAN,DNCB and DNP follow a second-order kinetic model.Adsorption time was respectively 10 hours, 10 hours and 7 hours. The Freundlich isotherms showed a better suitability to the equilibrium data compared with the Langmuir isotherms. The results indicated that the optimal pH was about 6. When three main pollutants coexisted, it existed competitive adsorption. The adsorption effect was DNCB＞DNP＞DNAN. However, the presence of high concentrations of methanol limited the adsorption of three substances. And in the actual waste water, activated carbon adsorption on three main substances was almost ineffective. So activated carbon adsorption pretreatment unfited the actual high concentration wastewater.

 Keywords  Nitroanisole wastewater    Activated carbon    Competitive adsorption     Methanol             

1 引言 1

1.1序言 1

1.1.1含芳香族硝基化合物废水的概况 1

1.1.2硝基苯甲醚废水中的主要污染物 1

1.2国内外对硝基苯类化合物的研究进展 2

1.2.1物理法 2

1.2.2化学法 4

1.2.3生物法 5

1.3研究课题的提出与研究内容 5

2 实验部分 6

2.1实验仪器、试剂与分析方法