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摘要：本设计内容为年产5万吨丁二烯的工艺设计，本工艺采用萃取精馏的方法，由乙烯装置从副产的混合C4馏分中分离丁二烯，并由混合C4馏分精馏得到纯度大于99.0%的丁二烯产品。丁二烯是从含有丁烯和乙炔碳氢化合物的油气部分回收而来，开头部分为第一萃取精馏柱，乙腈水溶液到上述精馏塔用分数表示，提取部分汽流混合物都含有一定百分数的丁二烯，乙腈水溶液蒸气流进入第二萃取精馏塔，上述乙腈蒸气流和恢复汽流组成精馏塔塔顶蒸气流，最后经第二精馏塔后，蒸气流恢复纯丁二烯。本设计完成了整个工序的物料衡算，同时也对脱重组分塔进行了设备计算，包括热量衡算，露泡点，回流比以及理论板的计算等等，确定了塔高和塔径，并对塔顶冷凝器进行了详细的计算及选型。绘制了工艺流程图，设备布置图以及车间布置图。9124
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关键词：丁二烯；萃取；精馏；工艺
Annual output of 50,000 tons of pyrrolylene butadiene process design
Abstract: This design is an annual output of 50,000 tons of butadiene distillation process design, the process method of extractive distillation using ethylene plant by-product isolated C4 butadiene C4 distillate distillates distillation into butadiene purity greater than 99.0% products. Butadiene is from containing maleic and acetylene hydrocarbon oil and gas recovery, beginning as the first extractive distillation column, acetonitrile water solution to the distillation column is expressed as a fraction, butadiene extraction steam mixture contains a certain percentage, aqueous acetonitrile vapor flow into the second extractive distillation column, the steam flow and acetonitrile recovery of steam flow form the top of the distillation column of steam flow, finally after second distillation tower, steam recovery of pure butadiene. The design is completed the entire process of material balance, and from the reorganization of sub-tower to carry out a rigorous calculation of the equipment, including the heat balance, the bubble point, reflux ratio and theoretical plate calculations to determine the tower, the tower diameter. On top of the tower carried out a detailed calculation of condenser selection. Drawn with the process control point plan, equipment layout, and plant layout.
Key Words: Butadiene; extract; distillation; process
目 录
1 产品概述 1
1.1 题目背景和意义 1
1.2 性质 1
1.2.1 物理性质 1
1.2.2 化学性质 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
1.4 设计依据 4
2 生产过程 5
2.1 原料状况 5
2.2 原料、辅助物料、成品的主要技术特性 5
2.2.1 原料规格 5
2.2.2 工艺条件 5
2.3 生产工艺 6
2.3.1 萃取精馏系统 6
2.3.2 水洗回收工序 8
2.4 三废处理及防火防爆 9
2.4.1 三废处理 9
2.4.2 防火防爆 9
3 技术指标 10
3.1 岗位工艺指标 10
3.2 技术指标 14
3.2.1 原料指标 14
3.2.2 产品指标 14
3.2.3 公用工程指标 15
3.3 厂区人员配置 15
4 物料计算 16
4.1计算脱重组分塔塔顶、塔釜温度及组成 16
4.1.1 用试差法求塔顶塔釜温度及组成 17
4.1.2 脱重组分塔的塔顶塔釜组成 20
4.2 计算脱轻组分塔塔底组成及温度 20
4.3 计算操作回流比 23