摘要:由于抗生素的过度使用，地表水遭到严重污染，这不仅对人类生活造成了极大危害，也使生态环境遭受了巨大破坏。本文主要针对地表水中抗生素严重污染的现状，通过将银纳米颗粒均匀分布在薄膜的表面及片层间，来增强其拉曼光谱信号功能，制成含银纳米颗粒的氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管复合薄膜，并用该复合薄膜对水中盐酸四环素进行过滤。我们通过将荧光单分子计数技术与紫外分光光度法、拉曼光谱法进行相关对比，针对后两种方法检测限不足、灵敏度不高等缺点，来介绍荧光单分子定量检测技术的原理、方法及其应用和优缺点。69855

关键词:荧光单分子检测、盐酸四环素、单分子探测、紫外分光光度法、拉曼光谱法

Direct detection of tetracycline hydrochloride in drinking water by single molecule fluorescence counting technique 

Abstract: Because of the overuse of antibiotics, surface water is seriously polluted, this not only caused great harm to human life, also make a huge damage to the ecological environment. In this paper, concentrates on the serious water pollution, to strengthen the function of the Raman signal, silver nanoparticles were distributed evenly over the surface of the film and the interlayer to made graphene oxide/carbon nanotube composite film which contains silver nanoparticles, and filtrate tetracycline hydrochloride in water by this composite film. We compared single molecule counting technology by fluorescence with uv spectrophotometry and Raman spectrometry, for the latter two method have detection limit and fault of sensitivity, to introduce the principle of fluorescence quantitative test of single molecule technology, method and its application, advantages and disadvantages.

Keywords: fluorescence single molecule detection; tetracycline hydrochloride;  single molecule detection; ultraviolet spectrophotometry; raman spectroscopy

目录

摘要 1

关键词 1

1. 前言 2

1.1 研究背景 2

1.1.1 盐酸四环素的危害及产生原因 2

1.1.2 盐酸四环素的常见检测方法 3

1.2 荧光单分子技术 4

1.2.1 荧光单分子技术的原理 4

1.2.2 荧光单分子技术的发展现状及前景 5

1.3 实验研究思路 5

2. 实验部分 6

2.1 实验材料与试剂 6

2.1.1 主要仪器设备 6

2.1.2 主要试剂与材料 6

2.2 实验步骤 6

2.2.1 氧化石墨烯(GO)的合成 6

2.2.2 CTAB - 功能化银纳米颗粒的制备 7

2.2.3 功能化多壁碳纳米管的合成 7

2.2.4 制含银纳米颗粒的氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管复合薄膜 7

2.2.5 表征 8

2.2.6 TCH过滤 8

3. 结果与讨论 9

3.1 表征结果及分析 9

3.2 紫外分光光度法 10

3.3 拉曼光谱法 10

3.4 荧光单分子计数技术