摘要燃料电池作为一种高效的发电装置，不通过热能转换而直接将物质的化学能转化为电能，因此成为科研界研究的热点。而作为燃料电池的关键部分，对催化剂的使用研究更是重中之重。现今使用最多，性能最优良的是铂或铂合金等贵金属催化剂。但由于其有限的来源和昂贵的成本限制了燃料电池的发展，因此人们开始研究过渡金属及其氧化物作为电催化剂的可能性。本论文采用一步水热法制备过渡金属/氮掺杂石墨烯，既充分利用了石墨烯作为载体的优良性能，又结合了金属的催化性能。此外还在实验后半阶段进行了XRD和TEM来判断样品的形貌结构，并对催化性能进行了循环伏安测试和线性电势扫描。实验结果发现，通过一步水热法能将金属负载在石墨烯上，但是不同的金属得到的产物却不一致，通过电化学测试发现过渡金属/氮掺杂石墨烯复合物对氧还原反应，析氢反应和析氧反应都有良好的催化性能。73521

毕业论文关键词  石墨烯  燃料电池  电催化   过渡金属   氧还原反应

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title  the Preparation and the Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Catalyzers    Coupled with Nano Transition Metals               

Abstract As a highly efficient power generation device which can convert the chemical energy of the fuel directly into electrical energy without the conversion of heat energy,The fuel cell is a hot research topic in the research field。 Due to the slow kinetics, catalysts of half reactions, such as ORR and HER,become the bottleneck of the fuel cell。At present,the best catalysts are still platinum –based noble materials。In order to reduce cost while maintaining performance, transition metals and their oxides have been studied as the new catalysts。In this paper, nitrogen-doped graphene / transition metal was synthesized by one pot hydrothermal method, which can both fully utilize the excellent properties of graphene and combine the catalytic properties of metal。 In the second half of the experiment, XRD and TEM were performed to determine the crystal structure and morphology of the samples and we tested the catalytic performance by cyclic voltammetry and linear potential scan。 The experimental results show that the metal loading can be supported on graphene by one step hydrothermal method and different metal varied crystal structure of products。Electrochemistry tests revealed that nitrogen-doped graphene / transition metal composites have good catalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction。

Keywords  graphene  fuel cell  electrochemical catalyst   transition metal

目   次

第一章  绪论 1

1。1  燃料电池 1

1。1。1  燃料电池简介 1

1。1。2  燃料电池分类 2

1。1。3  碱性燃料电池反应原理 2

1。2  石墨烯 3

1。2。1  石墨烯简介 3

1。2。1  氮掺杂石墨烯 3

1。2。2  石墨烯在电催化中的应用 4

1。2。3  石墨烯的制备 4

1。3  电化学催化 5

1。3。1  电化学催化简介 5

1。3。2  电化学催化剂