摘要使用水热法以三组不同的原料（KMnO4和MnCl2·H2O、MnSO4·H2O和NaS2O8、MnSO4·H2O和（NH4）2S2O8）制备纳米MnO2。使用X射线衍射仪（XRD）表征产物的晶型；采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察产物的微观形貌；使用氮气脱吸附法测定产物的比表面积；采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）检测纳米MnO2对高氯酸铵（AP）热分解的催化作用。实验结果显示，比表面积越大的纳米MnO2对AP的催化性能越好。50mL的0。05mol/L的MnSO4·H2O与0。25mol/L的NaS2O8的混合溶液，在加入浓硫酸2。5mL、110℃下加热1h的合成条件下制备的纳米MnO2微观形貌为海胆状，对AP热分解的催化作用十分显著，明显降低了AP的高温分解峰温。74281

毕业论文关键词  纳米二氧化锰 高氯酸铵 热分解 催化性能

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title     Preparation of Manganese Oxide Nanocrystalline and Its Performance Characterization

Abstract Manganese oxide nanocrystalline was prepared by three series starting materials ,including KMnO4/MnCl2·H2O , MnSO4·H2O/NaS2O8 and MnSO4·H2O/（NH4）2S2O8  with hydrothermal method 。It was characterizded by X-ray diffraction (XRD)。Its Micro-morphology was  observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)。Its specific surface area was measured by N2 adsorption-desorption。The catalytic properties of manganese oxide nanocrystalline on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP) was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)。 The results of the experiments indicate that the optimum conditions for preparing manganese oxide nanocrystalline are as follows ：the concentration of  MnSO4·H2O is 0。05 mol/L; the concentration of  NaS2O8 is 0。25 mol/L and the volume of the mixture solution is 50 mL。 After adding dropwise 2。5mL H2SO4, stire the solution for 10 min。Heat preservation time is 1h, temperature is 110℃。The manganese oxide nanocrystalline prepared in the conditions mentioned above, which is urchin sphere,shows a catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate, it can decrease the higher thermal decomposition temperature of AP,and more laeger the specific surface area was ,the higher catalytic activety it had 。 

Keywords  Nano-MnO2  Ammonium Perechlorate  Thermal Decomposition  Catalytic Activity

目  次

1  绪论 1

1。1 研究背景 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 1

1。3 本文研究内容 4

2 纳米二氧化锰的制备 5

2。1 实验仪器与试剂 5

2。2 实验步骤 6

3 纳米二氧化锰的表征 8

3。1 纳米二氧化锰的图像分析 8

3。2 纳米二氧化锰的XRD分析 11

3。3 本章小结 12

4 纳米二氧化锰对AP的催化性能分析 14

4。1 纯AP热分解的DSC曲线分析 14

4。2 纳米线形二氧化锰/AP热分解的DSC曲线分析 15

4。3 海胆状纳米二氧化锰/AP热分解的DSC曲线分析 16

4。4 氮气吸附-脱附分析 17

4。5 本章小结 18

结  论 20

致  谢