2。 Design a comprehensive index

(1) security

Although the oil on the human body non-toxic, but belong to the flammable and explosive materials, petrochemical production in the first of all to consider the safety issues, the design of the safety considerations mainly in the layout of the workshop, the safety risk of larger devices Concentrated in one place, and away from the fire equipment, while the site selected away from the population concentrated areas, and equipped with a complete set of fire protection system to deal with emergencies, to ensure the safety of life and property。

(2) economy

Design task is the use of victory crude oil, the site is located in Shengli Oilfield near the area, from the nature of the victory of crude oil, it is appropriate to use fuel-based processing program。 At the same time in the design of the tower to optimize the structure, making the use of crude oil to achieve maximum and reduce the cost of loss, but the premise is to ensure that the yield of the product quality。

(3) environmental protection

Crude oil distillation products are basically fuel oil and residue by-products, remove the steam away part of the low boiling range of fractions will affect the environment, in principle, to consider the maximum recovery can reduce emissions, but also do a good job, "three wastes" To ensure health。

3。 Some of the parameters of this design

(1) Feeding port temperature: 351 °C

(2) Bottom temperature: 344 °C

(3) Number of plates: 41 blocks

(4) Feeding port: 38th floor tray

(5) Tower type: float valve tower

(6) Tower diameter: 6m

(7) Tower height: 28。4m

(8) gasoline side line mining: the top of the tower

(9) kerosene side line recovery: 11th board

(10) light diesel side line recovery: 23rd boards

(11) heavy diesel side line recovery: 33rd board

Keywords: petrochemical; Distillation of crude oil; tower equipment

目   录

1。绪论1

1。1 概述1

1。2 文献综述1

1。2。1 我国原油的发展状况   1

1。2。2 原油加工工艺 2

1。3 设计任务依据2

1。4 经济分析3

2。工艺方案及流程  5

2。1 工艺流程5

2。2 塔器结构5

2。3 环保措施6

3。油品参数计算7

3。1 操作数据7

3。2原油的实沸点和窄馏分参数 7

3。2。1 原油密度 7

3。2。2 产品实沸点蒸馏数据表 7

3。2。3 产品性质 7

3。3 油品各项性质参数计算8

3。3。1 体积平均沸点 8

3。3。2 恩氏蒸馏90~10%斜率  8

3。3。3 重量平均沸点 8

3。3。4 实分子平均沸点   9

3。3。5 立方平均沸点 9

3。3。6 中平均沸点   9

3。3。7 特性因数 9

3。3。8 比重指数 10

3。3。9 分子量   10

3。3。10 平衡汽化温度11

3。3。11 真假临界温度12

3。3。12 真假临界压力12

3。3。13 焦点温度13

3。3。14 焦点压力13

3。3。15 实沸点温度  13

3。3。16 实沸点切割温度  14

3。3。17 工艺参数汇总15

4。塔内物料及热量衡算  16

4。1 产品收率与处理量 16

4。2 汽提水蒸气用量   16

4。3 蒸馏塔塔板类型和板数 16

4。4 操作压力 17

4。5 汽化段温度   17

4。5。1 汽化段中进料的汽化率与过汽化率17

4。5。2 汽化段油气分压18

4。5。3 汽化段温度的初步求定  18

4。5。4 的校核  19