摘要石墨烯是碳原子以 sp2 杂化连接的单原子层构成的，是目前所发现的最薄的二维 材料。它是构成其它碳材料的基本单元，这种特殊结构蕴含了丰富而奇特的物理现象， 使石墨烯表现出许多优异的物理化学性质，有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文通过 Hummers 法制备氧化石墨烯，采用拉曼光谱（Raman），X 射线衍射（XRD），红外光谱以及紫外/可见光谱对制得的氧化石墨烯进行表征分析。Raman 光谱的 G 峰表明氧化石墨烯有很好的规整性，D 峰表明氧化石墨烯中有一些碳原子 由 sp2 杂化转变为 sp3 杂化；XRD 表明石墨氧化的较完全；红外光谱以及紫外/可见光 谱图分析表明氧化石墨烯具有很好地水溶性。83368

用聚四氢呋喃醚二醇和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）制备聚氨酯预聚体，加入到环氧 树脂中制备复合板材，并加入不同比例的氧化石墨烯对其进行改性研究。对已制备的 板材进行拉伸和弯曲试验，并且对不同氧化石墨烯比例的板材进行动态热机械分析（DMA）。力学实验表明聚氨酯预聚体的加入可以使环氧树脂板材拉伸强度提高 80%，断裂 伸长率提高 185%；弯曲强度增加了 72。4%，最大挠度提高了 160%。氧化石墨烯的加 入可以使聚氨酯/环氧树脂复合板材在拉伸强度上提高 22%，断裂伸长率提高 45。5%； 弯曲强度提高了 8。1%，最大挠度提高了 32%。这些数据说明聚氨酯预聚体以及氧化 石墨烯可以对环氧树脂板材进行很好的增韧。DMA 分析表明氧化石墨烯和聚氨酯可 以对环氧树脂板材的阻尼性能有着不错的增强效果。

毕业论文关键词：氧化石墨烯；聚氨酯；环氧树脂；改性；阻尼

Abstract Graphene is made from atomic layer sp2 hybridized carbon atom, which is the thinnest of the two-dimensional material found so far。 Graphene is the basic unit of constituting the other graphite materials。 It has special structures and exhibits good physical and chemical properties。

In this paper, we preparated the graphene oxide by method of Hummers, then we use Raman spectroscopy (Raman), XRD-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy and UV/Visible spectroscopy to characterize the graphene oxide。 G peak of Raman spectrum shows that graphene oxide has a good regularity, and D peak shows that there are some carbon atoms in graphene oxide which are transformed from “sp2” to “sp3”。 XRD shows that the graphite oxide is more complete。 The Infrared spectra  and  UV/Visible spectra show that the graphene oxide has a good solubility in water。

We used polytetramethylene ether glycol and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as raw materials to prepare polyurethane pre-polymer, add to the epoxy resin mixed with different proportion of graphene oxide to modify the properties of the composite plate。 We did the tensile and bending tests on the expoxy resin composite。 We used Dynamic thermal mechanical analysis  (DMA) to characterize the composite plate with different  proportion of graphene oxide。

Mechanical experiments show that the addition of polyurethane pre-polymer can increase the tensile strength of the epoxy resin sheet by 80%, the elongation at break by 185%, the bending strength increases by 72。4% and the maximum deflection increases by 160%。 The addition of graphene oxide can improve the tensile strength of polyurethane / epoxy resin composite plate by 22%, the elongation at break by 45。5%, the bending strength increased by 8。1% and the maximum deflection increased by 32%。 DMA analysis shows that the damping properties of epoxy resin composite can be enhanced by the oxidation of graphene and polyurethane。 These data indicate that polyurethane pre-polymer and graphene oxide can be a good toughening of epoxy resin。 DMA analysis shows that the damping properties of epoxy resin can be enhanced a lot by graphene oxide and polyurethane。