摘要目的　探究小学儿童社会期望的年级、性别差异，及其与学业成绩的关系，为儿童的家庭和学校教育提供参考依据。方法　采用 Cradall和Katkovsky编写的儿童社会期望量表对随机分层抽取的262名杭州市小学生进行调查研究。结果　（1）小学儿童的社会期望水平在总体上属中等偏上（社会期望＞24分）。 （2）小学各年级阶段的儿童社会期望有显著差异（P<0。05），且年级段越高，社会期望均值越低。 （3）总体上，小学儿童社会期望并没有显著的性别差异（P>0。05），只有高年级儿童社会期望的性别差异有统计学意义（P<0。05）；女生社会期望发展线性下降的趋势较为平缓，而男生社会期望的发展下降的趋势较快。　（4）儿童社会期望与学业成绩显著相关，其中低、中年级相关极显著，且低年级段儿童的社会期望可以对其学业成绩做一定的预测。结论　小学生社会期望年级差异显著，性别差异不显著，儿童的社会期望与学业成绩显著相关。家长和老师对儿童的教育方式应当与小学儿童社会期望的发展特点相结合，并作出相应的调整。89361

毕业论文关键词：小学生； 社会期望； 学业成绩

Abstract 【Objective】 To explore the Characteristics of pupils' social desirability and the relationship to their academic achievements so as to improve their development in family and school。  【Method】 Using Katkovsky' s CSD to investigate the stratified random sampling of 262 students from primary school in Hangzhou city。 【Results】(1) The overall level of pupils' social desirability is above average; (2) There were significant differences (P<0。05) in the social desirability of pupils in all grades, and the higher the grade, the lower the social desirability; (3) In general, pupils' social desirability have no significant gender differences (P > 0。05), only the high grade children's social desirability of gender differences have statistical significance (P < 0。05); girls' social desirability of the development of linear decrease trend is gentle, while boys decrease faster; (4) Students' social desirability and academic achievements are significantly positively correlated, and Low grade students' social desirability it can partly make a prediction of their academic achievements。 【Conclusions】The pupils' social desirability shows remarkable characteristics in grade ,and no significant differences in gender。 The social desirability of students is significantly related to their academic performance。 Thus both parents and teachers should adjust their educational methods according to the characteristics of pupils' social desirability。 

Keyword: pupils; social desirability; academic achievements

目    录

摘要    ··2

1  问题的提出 ··5

2  对象和方法 ··6

2。1 对象  ··6

2。2 研究工具 ·6

2。3 统计学方法··6

3  结果   ··6

3。1 儿童社会期望的年级差异  ··6

3。2 不同年级段儿童社会期望的性别差异     ·7

3。3 儿童社会期望与学业成绩的相关分析     ·8

3。4 儿童社会期望对学业成绩的线性回归预测    9

4  讨论   ··9

4。1 儿童社会期望的年级差异  ··9

4。2 儿童社会期望的性别差异  ·10

4。3 儿童社会期望与学业成绩的相关性     ··10

5  建议和启示 ·11