摘要柴油机因其有着较高的热效率，较宽广的功率范围，较快的启动速度，维修方便以及运行安全和较长的使用寿命，因而得到广泛使用，尤其在船舶行业有着不可替代的作用。曲轴作为柴油机的关键零件，决定着柴油机的寿命，运转稳定性和安全性。50279

随着科技的不断发展以及使用要求的提高，设计方法和设计手段也得到不断改善，因此依靠经验、静态、定性、试凑的传统方法已经使用不了现在设计要求。现在以计算机为基础，采用数值仿真分析的设计方法得到了广泛的运用。

本文主要研究了柴油机的工作原理，柴油机曲轴的结构分析，采用三维设计软件Pro／E对柴油机曲轴系统进行了结构简化和建模，在机械仿真软件ADAMS环境中导入了柴油机曲轴系统的Pro/E模型并对该模型进行约束添加、施加工作力。同时对该系统进行了运动学和动力学仿真分析。主要分析了气缸活塞位移、速度及加速度的运动规律，活塞销的受力情况；同时对曲轴上输出的扭矩进行了分析，并对输出的结果进行验证。结果表明采用虚拟样机技术可提高发动机曲轴系统的设计水平和设计效率，有助于提高柴油机机整机性能。

毕业论文关键词：柴油机；曲轴系统；多体动力学仿真；ADAMS

Abstract Because diesel has a higher thermal efficiency ,the wider power range,faster startup speed,easy maintenance ,safe operation and long service life,it is widely used, particularly in the shipbuilding industry has an irreplaceable role.As a key part of the diesel engine crankshaft, determine the life of diesel engines, running stability and security.

    With the continuous development of diesel engines, diesel engine shave become increasingly harsh working conditions,the strength of the crankshaft engine design has been a key step to obtain accurate crankshaft stress distribution,natural frequencies and mode shapes of the diesel engine improvements of great significance.

    As technology continues to develop and use requirements increase, the design methods and tool shave been continuously improved,sorely on experience, static,qualitative,traditional methods of trial and error can not now use the design requirements.Now computer-based,numerical simulation analysis design method has been widely used.

This paper studies the working principle of diesel engine, diesel engine crankshaft structural analysis,using three-dimensional design software Pro/E for the diesel engine crankshaft system was simplified structure and modeling of mechanical simulation software ADAMS environment into a diesel engine crankshaft system Pro/Ethe model and the model is constrained to add,the work force is applied.While they stem kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis.The main analysis of the cylinder piston displacement,velocity and acceleration of the movement of,the force of the piston pin;while the output torque of the crankshaft is analyzed, and the output of the verification.The results show that using virtual prototyping technology can improve the engine crankshaft system design standards and design efficiency,help to improve the overall performance diesel machines.

Key words：Diesel Engine；Crankshaft system；Multi-body dynamics；ADAMS

 目录

第一章 绪论 1

  1.1 课题的背景及意义-1

  1.2 研究现状及发展趋势-2

  1.3 研究内容及研究方法-3

  1.4 本章小结-3

第二章 柴油机的工作原理4

  2.1 柴油机的基本组成-4

  2.2 柴油机的工作原理-4

  2.3 曲轴的功用-6

  2.4 曲轴设计-7

2.4.1 曲轴设计要求及步骤-7

    2.4.2 曲轴常用材料-7

2.4.3 曲轴的结构设计及其选择-8