摇动电弧窄间隙焊缝跟踪视觉特征提取方法研究
毕业论文关键词：摇动电弧；窄间隙焊接；红外视觉传感；图像处理；偏差检测
Abstract In the welding process of large thick harden component, narrow gap welding shows obvious superiority, which makes it get a number of research and applications. However, during the narrow gap welding, the groove processing inaccurate, defective equipment and thermal deformation will make the groove center and the weld center cause deviation. Besides, because the bad welding environment does harm to welding workers as well as complying with the requirements of contemporary industrial 4.0, achieving intelligent, automation management, this paper studies the shaking narrow gap arc welding infrared vision sensing system. At first, this paper sets up the narrow gap welding infrared sensing image acquisition system, and then uses C++ to write image processing algorithms. Then, this paper completes the conversion of position relations between the image space and the molten pool space and the calibration of the image. In the image filter processing, through the way of combination filtering algorithm, anti-interference of the algorithm and the accuracy of feature extraction have been great improved. Finally, this paper carries on the weld deviation sensor test. Test results show that: When setting welding deviation is within 1mm range, the error between the deviation which is obtained by image processing algorithms and the actual deviation is less than 0.25 mm.
Keywords: shake narrow gap arc welding; the infrared vision sensing; image processing; deviation detection
目录
第一章绪论.1
1.1课题背景及意义..1
1.2窄间隙焊接的发展历程..2
1.3摇动电弧窄间隙焊接原理.4
1.4焊缝偏差检测传感方法现状4
1.5视觉传感技术研究现状..6
1.6窄间隙焊缝跟踪发展状况.7
1.7本课题主要研究目的及内容9
第二章红外视觉传感系统..11
2.1系统总体构成.11
2.2摇动电弧窄间隙焊接系统..11
2.2.1摇动电弧窄间隙焊炬12
2.2.2摇动电弧窄间隙焊接控制器13
2.2.3焊接电源..13
2.3红外视觉传感系统..14
2.3.1视觉传感器.14
2.3.2光学滤波系统17
2.3.3图像采集卡的选用.19
2.4偏差检测系统设计..20
2.4.1图像处理软件OpenCV21
2.5本章小结21
第三章摇动电弧窄间隙焊接图像采集.22
3.1图像采集系统.22
3.2焊接试验参数选择..23
3.2.1直流窄间隙焊接..23
3.3焊接区域图像采集基础24
3.3.1焊炬摇动参数定义.24
3.4图像检测基本原理..26
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