摘要本文的多用途战斗部以某型号 82mm 迫击炮弹为研究对象，对具有定向杀伤 功能的弹丸进行结构设计，主要目的在于提高破片利用率。本文弹丸用于杀伤软 目标，杀伤破片需达到我国规定的杀伤标准，即单个破片质量大于 1g，动能大于 98J。68499

首先设计了炮弹内部结构，包括弹体材料选取，预制破片和预控破片大小、 形状及排列方式的设计，并通过选取不同的起爆位置改变预制破片和预控破片的 主要飞散方向，实现在某一方向范围内的破片密度增益，提高破片利用率。

其次对设计好的弹丸进行发射强度校核，选取了 4 个危险截面，分别计算了 不同截面的轴向、切向及径向应力，通过第四强度理论进行校核，计算结果显示 设计出的结构满足弹体发射强度。

最后理论分析了预制破片及预控破片的破片初速和飞散角以及满足杀伤标准 时破片的飞行距离和密集杀伤半径，通过 ANSYS/LS-DYNA 软件对预制破片初速 进行了数值模拟。因理论解析计算简化条件多，简单采用经验公式则误差较大， 故计算结果与实际有出入，但一般在允许范围内，故可认为计算结果正确。若需 进一步研究此类战斗部，可参考本篇论文及其他资料。

毕业论文关键词 ： 预制破片 定向杀伤 飞散角 杀伤距离 数值模拟

Title Design of the directional kill projectile with prefabricated fragments driven by non-dynamite

Abstract

The multi-purpose warhead in this text takes a certain type of 82mm motor shell as the research object . In order to improve the utilization ratio of the fragments, do conceptual design to the projectile to meet the function of directional kill. This projectile is used to kill soft targets, the mass of a single fragment should over 1g and the kinetic energy should reach 98J, which is the casualty lethality criteria of our country.

At first, the internal structure of the projectile was designed, including the selection of shell material, design of the size, shape and arrangement of the prefabricated fragments and pre-formed fragments, and by select different detonation position, the main scattering direction of fragments can be controlled and then the fragment density on a certain direction can be increased.

Secondly, the launching strength of the projectile was checked by select 4 different dangerous sections, calculate their axial stress, tangential stress and radial stress and then use the fourth strength theory. The calculation results show that the launching strength of the projectile is satisfied.

At last, this paper analyzed the initial velocity and scattering angle of the prefabricated fragments and pre-formed fragments, calculated their flight distance and intensive killing radius when meet the casualty lethality criteria. The initial velocity of prefabricated fragment was simulated using analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The calculation result

is different from actual situation because the theoretical analysis methods do a lot of simplified and empirical formulas cause errors. But results can be considered correct within the error allowed. The design and calculation above can provide reference for the further studies on this kind of warhead.

Keywords: prefabricated fragment, directional kill, scattering angle, killing distance, numerical simulation

目 次

1 绪论 1

1.1 研究的背景与意义 1

1.2