摘要在海上交通事故中，船舶碰撞事故占据了很大比例。由于船舶与海洋结构物常年在恶劣的海洋环境中工作，往往不可避免地会受到碰撞载荷的影响，造成严重的人员伤亡、财产损伤。与此同时为满足人们日益剧增的资源需求，世界各国都在向远海海域进行勘探作业。大型浮式结构物作为周围天然石油气等资源开发所需物资运输的补给点和中转点，基本上可满足深水作业船暂时停靠的要求。关于船舶与海洋结构物碰撞研究早已开始，然而随着船舶大型化及海洋平台的不断发展，FPSB结构碰撞性能的研究需要进一步深化，以满足作业要求和保证结构安全，对我国实现深海资源逐步开发具有十分重要的地位。77116

本文以FPSB被撞舷侧结构为研究对象，利用有限元数值仿真技术模拟舷侧结构的碰撞过程，系统地讨论了碰撞接触区域外板及舷侧纵骨等结构参数对碰撞性能的影响，从而进行结构优化设计。主要研究内容如下：

（1）归纳整理了国内外关于船舶与海洋结构物碰撞性能的研究现状，提出本文的主要研究内容和研究对象。

（2）介绍了有限元数值仿真技术的基本原理，利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立FPSB被撞舷侧结构的有限元模型，并确认碰撞场景及计算工况。

（3）通过模拟碰撞发生过程得到了被撞区域构件的塑性变形情况、能量吸收变化以及碰撞力曲线，分析后发现舷侧外板、舷侧纵骨等对碰撞性能具有很大影响。

（4）通过改变碰撞区域外板厚度及舷侧纵骨等结构参数尺寸，讨论不同组合参数对碰撞性能的影响，从而进行结构优化设计。

毕业论文关键字：船舶碰撞；远海大型浮式结构物；碰撞性能；优化设计；数值仿真

Abstract Ship collisions account for a large proportion in marine accident。 Ships and marine structures are often affected by impact loads, working year-round in harsh marine environments。 Ship collision usually brings property damage, casualties, large deformation of ship structures, and so on。 Meanwhile all the countries are attention to exploration in offshore waters, for meeting the increasing demand for resources。 The large floating structures, as supplies sealift points and transit points, meet demand for deepwater operation ships temporarily docked。 Long before researches on the collision of ships and offshore structures have begin。 FPSB structure Crashworthiness commands for further researches, which meet operational requirements and ensure the structural safety with the development of large-scale ships and offshore platforms。 It’s very important to realize the gradual development of deep-sea resources in our country。 

  Based on the side structure of FPSB, the thesis systematically discusses the effects of structural parameters on the crash performance, such as the impact area and side shell longitudinal stiffeners。 By using finite element numerical simulation method, optimize the structure design。 Main research contents are as follows:

(1)Make inductive arrangement on domestic and foreign research on the collision performance of ship and offshore structures。 The main research contents and research objects are presented in this paper。

(2)The basic principle of the finite element numerical simulation technology is introduced。 Establish a finite element model of the side structure of FPSB with ABAQUS finite element software, and confirm the crash scene and calculate the working conditions。

(3)The plastic deformation, energy absorption and the collision force curve are calculated from the hit component by simulating the collision。 Broadside plate, side longitudinal has great influence on crashworthiness。

(4)Discuss effects of different combinations of parameters on the impact performance, and optimize the structure design by changing the broadside plate thickness and side longitudinal。