摘要船舶是一种对于人类极为重要的交通工具，它对于人类社会来讲是不可或缺 的。在全球金融危机后，船舶行业经历了短暂的萧条，但近年来也逐渐有了复苏 之相，使用船舶作为交通方式的人越来越多，随之出现的一个问题变得尤为突出， 那就是船舶火灾。由于船舶舱室空间有限，并且带有大量燃油，一旦燃烧起来对 人民的生命财产安全都会造成严重的威胁，因此对船舶舱室火灾烟气进行研究就 有了重要的意义。80794

本文以 5800 型散货船机舱舱室为研究对象，基于大涡模拟思想，利用火灾 动力学软件 FDS 模拟复杂通风条件下该舱室火灾发展过程中烟气变化特点。分 别分析了温度场、速度场、烟气浓度分布、以及舱室速度分布，并得出结论：

（1）船舶火灾发生后，船舱内火源处温度较高，达 100℃到 330℃，在金属 版壁温度高至 300℃左右，温度整体从下到上依次增高。

（2）通过对烟气进行模拟研究发现，烟气的浓度分布在舱室中从下到上呈 现不断增大的趋势。这与氧气浓度及舱室内复杂通风条件有关。

（3）从舱室内速度场分布图中可以看出，在通风管的风口处，以及舱室的 顶部都是速度较高是与温度分布相关。

利用 FDS 进行船舶火灾烟气的研究对于减少船舶火灾的发生，或是船舶火 灾发生后对火情的控制与营救都具有重要的意义。

毕业论文关键字：船舶舱室；火灾烟气；复杂通风；流动特性；数值模拟

ABSTRACT Ship is a kind of extreme importance to human means of transportation, it is essential for human society, after the global financial crisis, the ship industry experienced a brief depression, but also gradually in recent years with the recovery phase of the shipping industry boom in recent years, use a ship as more and more people are of the means of transportation and the resulting a question is particularly outstanding, that is the fire。Because of ship cabin space is limited, and with a large amount of fuel, once the fire to people's life and property security will pose a serious threat, so the study of ship cabin fire smoke has the vital significance。In this paper, the type 5800 bulk carrier cabin cabin as the research object, based on large eddy simulation, using the fire dynamics simulation software FDS complex ventilation under the condition of the cabin fire development characteristics of flue gas in the process of change。Respectively analyzed the temperature field, velocity field and gas concentration distribution, velocity distribution and the cabin, draw the conclusion:

(1)based on the intuitive software simulation is given, in the  different time points after ship fires, the rule of temperature distribution inside the cabin, namely in the booth of the fire, in addition to the fire place extra high temperature, is particularly high in metal wall place, increased temperature from the whole to the last。

(2)through the study of the simulation of flue gas, the study found the concentration of the flue gas distribution in the cabin presents increasing trend from the bottom up。

(3)can be seen from the velocity distribution in the booth, FengKouChu in draft tube, and the top of the cabin is high speed。

(4)the changes of cabin velocity field was analyzed。Using FDS research of ship fire smoke for reducing the occurrence of the fire, or after the ship fire control of the fire and rescue all has the vital significance。

Key words: Ship's cabin; Fire smoke; Complex ventilation; Flow characteristics; The numerical simulation

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  研究目的及意义 1

1。2  研究现状