摘要近年来，随着人民生活水平的日益进步，我国的水资源需求越来越高，然而人均占有淡水资源量随着人口的逐渐增多而持续下降，水资源的严重匮乏正阻碍着我国的发展速度，所以解决淡水资源不足的问题也是我国发展面临的一个问题。我国的海洋资源十分丰富，因此利用海水淡化这一技术获得淡水已经成为解决这一问题的必由之路。再加上新型太阳能技术的日益进步，将这两项技术结合能够充分解决淡水短缺的问题。83579

经过充分查阅相关资料，本文对多级闪蒸海水淡化装置和真空管太阳能集热技术做了有机结合，形成一套完整的日产淡水500kg的家用小型海水淡化装置。根据能量守恒和质量守恒定律，运用热力学第一定律和传热学换热理论方法对装置进行了计算设计，利用AutoCAD和SolidWorks绘制出相关装置的图纸。理想情况下，可利用极少量电力的完成整套装置的运行，即使是在光照不足的情况下，也可利用外置的辅助加热设备完成海水的集热，从而保证装置平稳运行。这套家用小型海水淡化装置，能够为我国东部低纬度沿海地区的家庭提供日常淡水的使用，为这些不易获得常规能源的地区提供了便利。

本套方案作为一个小型装置，设备组成简单，与传统大型海水淡化厂相比，多级闪蒸技术耗能低，而太阳能作为一个清洁能源，对环境十分友好，如果对装置进行实际工程应用情况下的改进，相信在不久的将来，以这套装置为原型的家用海水淡化装置会得到推广。

毕业论文关键词：海水淡化；太阳能集热器；多级闪蒸；U形管

Abstract In recently years, along with the level of people’s life increasingly, the requirement of water resources is higher and higher, however per capita amount of fresh water resources declined with the acceleration of population, the serious lack of water is holding the pace of development of our country, as a result, solving the shortage of fresh water is a big problem to us。 Our country is abundant with marine resources, so using seawater desalination technology has become the only way to solve this issue。 Alone with the progress of new solar energy technology, it is completely possible to figure out the shortage of fresh water with the combination of these two techniques。

After full analysis to relevant data in this paper, this is combination of the multi-stage flash desalination device and vacuum tube solar technology , which forms a complete small household desalination device with 500 kg freshwater product。 According to the conservation of energy and mass, using the first law of thermodynamics and heat transfer theory method for device design calculation, and maps the relevant device using AutoCAD and SolidWorks drawings。 Ideally, it can use very little power to complete the whole set of device operation。 Even in the case of insufficient solar radiation, it also can use external auxiliary heating equipment to complete sets of seawater heat require, so as to ensure steady running of equipment。 The small household desalination device can provide fresh water for China's eastern coastal areas of low latitudes family, which is convenient to regular energy shortage region。

This set of solutions as a small simple equipment, compared with the traditional large-scale desalination plants, such as multi-stage flash technology with low consumption, and solar energy as a clean energy, is very friendly to the environment。 If the device for practical engineering application cases of improvement, believe in the near future, with the device as the prototype of household water desalination device will get a promotion。

Keywords: seawater desalination ; solar collector ; multi-stage flash ; U tube

目  录

第一章  绪论