摘要随着现代农业的不断发展，农村运用农地膜已经成为确保农业高产、稳产的重要 手段。但是随着地膜覆盖栽培的年限延长，残留地膜的回收率很低，而土壤中的残膜 量逐步增加，极易形成地膜污染。84078

目前，适用于农地残膜的机械回收方法受到塑料回收行业的广泛关注。而我国在 农地残膜的回收问题上，依然有不少地区采用的是掩埋或是就地焚烧的方法，对当地 的自然环境造成了较大的破坏。为此，需要有一种行之有效的回收方法对我国的农地 残膜进行规范回收与再生。

本文首先介绍了什么是地膜，以及国内外针对地膜的回收方法。接着，在现有的 农地残膜撕碎机的基础上，设计了一种能够提高回收效率的分选机构。这种分选机构 的主要功能就是把农地残膜与杂质分离开来。本文根据设计准则和主要参数，选择了 一种安全高效分离方式。接着对机构进行了机械结构设计，并对关键零部件校核，以 提高机构工作的可靠性。最后，本文利用 SolidWorks 三维建模软件对分选机构进行 了建模与有限元分析，并在原有的设计基础上改良了结构，使其能够适应实际生产。

毕业论文关键字:塑料；回收；分选机构；三维建模；有限元分析

Abstract With the continuous development of modern agriculture, the use of agricultural plastic film in rural areas has become an important means to ensure high and stable

production。But with the extension of plastic film mulching cultivation, the recovery rate of residual plastic film is very low。The amount of residual film in the soil is gradually increasing, so it is easy to form film pollution。

At present, the mechanical recovery method for the agricultural plastic waste is widely concerned by the plastics recycling industry。In terms of our country,there are many regions take the methods of burying and burning,which cause great harm to local environment。To this end, we need to make an effective recycling method to recycle the agricultural plastic waste in our country。

This paper first introduces what the agricultural plastic film is, and the domestic and foreign agricultural plastic films for the recovery method。Then, on the basis of the existing plastic shredder, a sorting mechanism that can improve the recovery efficiency is designed。The main function of this sorting mechanism is to separate the agricultural plastic waste from the impurities。In this paper, a safe and efficient separation method is selected according to the design criteria and main parameters。Then the mechanical structure of the mechanism is designed, and the key parts are checked,in order to improve the reliability of the body when it works。Finally, this paper makes a modeling and finite element analysis of the sorting mechanism based on SolidWorks 3D modeling software, and improves the structure on the basis of the original design, so that it can adapt to the actual production。

Keywords:Plastic;Recycle;sorting mechanism;3D modeling;finite element analysis

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 研究背景和问题的提出 1

1。1。1 研究背景 1

1。1。2 问题的提出 2

1。2 国内外研究状况 2

1。2。1 国外研究状况 2

1。2。2 国内研究状况 4

1。2。3 研究评述 5

1。3 研究内容和方法 5

1。3。1 研究内容