摘要当今能源行业不断发展，天然气已然成为各国关注的焦点，而 LNG 船由于 其具有经济性、环保性的特点，在全球范围内迅速扩张。气化系统是 LNG 船的 关键部分，由于海上航行环境多变，对再气化系统的稳定、可靠性和结构紧凑性 等提出了更高要求。LNG 再气化过程功能需求量大，气化后的气体可以作为 LNG 船的动力燃料，同时，气化过程中释放的巨大冷能若能被合理、有效利用将对船 舶的节能环保有重要帮助。84107

通过查阅大量国内外文献、资料，了解船用 LNG 气化系统技术特点，以分 开式中间介质型气化系统为主要研究对象，以低温朗肯循环为冷能的利用方式， 展开研究及分析。对于中间介质型气化系统，通过 HYSYS 软件对中间介质的选 择、出口 NG 温度的控制、气化压力的影响进行计算分析，认为以 R290 作为中 间介质、出口 NG 温度控制在-50℃~-35℃、气化压力取 8Mpa 时系统运行效果最 优。对于低温朗肯循环式的冷能利用系统，从工质循环量、净输出功、系统㶲效 率、环保性等方面对比分析认为 R290 为优选循环工质，并通过对设备的㶲损失 占比分析得出，LNG 气化器的㶲损失在所有设备中占比最大。此外，研究分析 了系统在我国南海、东海、渤海三大海域的实际运行情况，认为海域水温的升高 有利于系统发电功率的提高。

毕业论文关键词：LNG 气化系统；冷能利用；㶲效率

Abstract With the rapid development of energy industry today,the natural gas has already become the focus of attention in many countries。Because of its economic and environmental characteristics, LNG ship is rapidly expanding in the world。 Gasification system is key part of LNG ship, due to sea environment changing, the gasification system stability, reliability and compact structure and put forward higher requirements。LNG and functional requirements for gasification process large amount, after gasification gas can be as fuel for LNG ships。 Furthermore, the gasification process in the release of huge cold energy can reasonably be effective use will to the ship's energy saving and environmental protection is important to help。

Through access to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, data, knowledge of the vessel LNG gasification system technical characteristics, A intermediate medium regasification system was the main object of study。 The research and analysis of the operation characteristics of the system have be done, the study of the low-temperature Rankine cycle as a means of cold energy utilization of regasification system also has be done。 For intermediate medium gasification system, HYSYS software of medium through the choice, export ng temperature control, pressure  gasification  of  calculation  and  analysis,  to  R290  as  medium,  export NG

temperature control in 50℃~-35℃, gasification pressure from 8Mpa system  running

effect best。 For low-temperature Rankine cycle of cold energy utilization system, from that The amount of refrigerant cycle, the net power output, system of energy efficiency, environmental protection and so on comparative analysis that R290 for optimization of circulating refrigerant, and through the equipment of energy loss accounted for analysis that, the heat loss of the LNG vaporizer in all equipment accounted for。 In addition, the research and analysis of the system in the South China Sea, East China Sea, Bohai Sea the actual operation situation of that sea water temperature is increased to improve system power。

Keywords:the regasification system of LNG;cold energy utilization;exergy efficiency

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 课题研究的背景 1