摘要：发掘水稻剑叶角度对BR高敏感性的优异等位变异对实现水稻制种全程机械化具有重要推动作用。选用262对SSR 标记对506份水稻资源进行基因型鉴定，分析该自然群体的遗传多样性、群体结构和连锁不平衡水平，并使用TASSEL软件的混合线性模型对水稻剑叶角度对BR敏感性指数与SSR标记进行全基因组关联分析。结果表明：共检测到10个与SSR 位点与水稻剑叶角度对BR敏感性相关联（P<0.01），分别为RM297，RM246，RM132，RM3836，RM3471，RM6089，RM7579，RM505，RM6215和RM6863。这些标记分别位于水稻第1、3、4、7、8染色体上。发掘出一批携有优良等位变异且效应值较大的载体品种。其中RM3471-130bp有最大的表型效应值，典型载体材料为富玉3号。其次是携带有RM505-160bp条带的苏御糯。这些有利等位变异及其载体品种可用作水稻异交性状遗传改良的亲本。41913

毕业论文关键词：水稻；剑叶角度；BR；敏感性；优异等位变异；

Mining elite alleles for sensitivity to exogenous brassinosteroid by association mapping in flag leaf angle of rice(Oryza Sativa L.)

Abstract： Mining elite alleles for sensitivity to exogenous brassinosteroid (BR) in flag leaf is important for accelerating the mechanization of entire process in hybrid rice seed production. A natural population consisted of 506 rice accessions was assessed with 262 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to analyze the genetic persity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium level.. The mixed linear model method in software of TASSEL was used to analyze the association between SSR markers and the sensitivity index to BR in the flag leaf angle of rice. Ten 10 SSR marker loci, namely RM297, RM246, RM132, RM3836, RM3471, RM6089, RM7579, RM505, RM6215 and RM6863, were detected associating with sensitivity of flag leaf angle to exogenous BR. The marker loci were respectively located on the first, third, fourth, seventh, eighth chromosomes of rice. A set of elite alleles and their carrier varieties with largest phenotypic effect were detected. Among these 10 SSR maker loci, RM3417-130bp had the highest positive phenotypic effect, whose typical carrier variety is FuYu 3hao, and RM505-160bp had the second highest positive phenotypic effect, whose classical carrier variety is Suyunuo. These elite alleles and their carrier varieties could be used as parents for genetic improvement of outcrossing-related traits in rice．

Key words: rice; flag leaf angle; BR; sensitivity; elite alleles

目  录

摘要1

关键词1

Abstract1

Key words1

引言1

1材料与方法2

1.1供试材料 2

1.1.1田间种植和试验方法2

1.1.2表型鉴定方法2

1.1.3 基因组DNA提取、SSR标记基因型鉴定和等位基因鉴定2

1.2数据分析2

1.2.1表型分析2

1.2.2群体遗传多样性分析3

1.2.3群体结构分析3

1.2.4连锁不平衡分析3

1.2.5农艺性状关联点以及优异等位变异的确定3

2结果与分析 4

2.1506份稻种资源剑叶角度敏感性的表型变异 4

2.2506份稻种资源自然总群体由7个亚群组成 4

2.3自然群体的遗传多样性 6

2.4 7个亚群均存在显著的LD 6

2.5水稻剑叶角度BR敏感性关联的SSR位点 8

2.6 BR处理下水稻剑叶角度的优异等位变异及其典型载体材料 8

3讨论 9

致谢10

参考文献10

利用关联分析发掘水稻剑叶角度对BR高度敏感的有利等位变异引言

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是我国重要的粮食作物之一，约有 65%以上的人口以水稻为主食。据统计，我国水稻在 2010 年播种面积为 2987 万公顷，总产为 1.96 亿吨，约占中国粮食总产量的35%。随着耕地面积的减少，到 2030 年中国粮食的年产量至少要达到 6 亿吨才能满足人口增加的需要。由此可见，水稻作为我国最重要的粮食作物之一，其产量增加将成为解决我国乃至世界粮食安全问题的关键[1]。