摘 要：本实验以野生型（P2）、突变型（1314）的两种水稻为实验材料研究低温胁迫对水稻生长发育的影响。分别测定在低温处理前、4d低温处理后和8d低温处理后 3 个阶段的水稻幼苗叶片中根冠比、干重、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖含量及过氧化物酶(POD )活性的变化。结果表明，低温处理明显抑制了水稻幼苗的生长,甚至伤害。8d低温处理与常温对照，1314、P2株高分别短了14.7%，11.4%，根长分别短了22.7%，11.8%；干物质积累与常温下对照分别下降13.75%、5.3%。说明低温处理对幼苗的生长不利，且对1314影响更加显著。同样，8d低温处理，1314、P2水稻幼苗叶绿素含量比常温对照分别下降34.8%、39.6%。而丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量的变化量与植物的抗冷性呈正相关趋势，且由于低温下膜脂过氧化物丙二醛含量积累较多而影响了酶活性，使POD活性降低，最终O2-和H2O2活性氧在体内积累，引起伤害。66465

毕业论文关键词：水稻，低温胁迫，抗寒性，生理生化指标

Abstract: In order to elaborate the effect of cold stress on regulating the growth and development of rice , two rice varieties, wild-type (P2) and mutant (1314) were used to measure some physiological and biochemical indexes under cold treatment of 4d and 8d, including the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar and the activity of Peroxidase (POD) and the changes of chlorophyll content ,dry weight and Root - shoot ratio. The results showed that low temperature treatment significantly inhibited the growth of rice seedlings, and even caused damage. After eight days cold treatment when compared with normal controls, the stem heights of 1314, P2 reduced by 14.7%, 11.4% respectively, the root length were respectively reduced by 22.7%, 11.8%; while the dry weight of 1314 and P2 decreased by 13.75% ,5.3% respectively. These results showed that cold treatment caused more significant impact on 1314. Similarly,after eight days cold treatment when compared with normal controls, the content of chlorophyll of 1314 and P2 reduced respectively by 34.8% and 39.6%, while the changes of MDA and souble sugar appeared a positive correlation with the cold resistance of plant,and the more accumulation of membrane lipid peroxide, malondialdehyde, decreasing the activity of POD, and finally causing damage by the accumulation of O2- and H2O2  in plant.

Keywords: rice seedings,cold stress,cold resistance,physiological and biochemical indexes 

目   录

1 引言 4

1.1 低温对植物细胞膜的影响 4

1.2 低温对植物叶绿素含量的影响 5

1.3 低温对植物丙二醛含量的影响 5

1.4 低温对植物可溶性糖含量的影响 5

1.5 低温诱导的氧化胁迫 5

2 材料与方法 6

2.1 实验材料 6

2.2 处理方法 6

2.3 形态指标测定 6

2.4 生理生化指标测定 7

2.5数据处理 8

3 结果与分析 8

3.1 低温胁迫条件下水稻幼苗的株高和根长的变化 8

3.2 低温胁迫条件下水稻幼苗的根冠比的变化 9

3.3低温胁迫条件下水稻幼苗的干重的变化 10

3.4 低温胁迫条件下水稻叶片的叶绿素含量的变化