外源维生素对紫外线与盐胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及生理代谢的影响
关键词：小麦；外源文生素；紫外线辐射；盐胁迫；生理指标
Effects of Exogenous Vitamin on Seedling Growth and Physiological Metabolisms of Wheat under UV Radiation and NaCl Stress
Abstract: Using wheat“zhoumai 18”as the material, the effects of exogenous vitamin on seedling growth and physiological metabolisms of wheat under UV radiation and NaCl stress were researched by soil culture. The results showed as follows: under NaCl stress, UV radiation stress and compound stress, the content of chlorophyll was decreased than those of control and the biggest drops in chlorophyll were under compound stress, the contents of MDA and proline were increased and the greatest increase in MDA and proline were under compound stress, the content of soluble protein especially which under NaCl stress was increased obviously, the content of soluble sugar was not changed obviously, activity of POD was decreased under UV radiation and compound stress, on the contrary, which was increased under NaCl stress, the change of activity of POD was irregular. Exogenous vitamin could mitigate the harmful effects from 3 kinds of stress on wheat seedling. All the above showed that lots of physiological indexes of wheat seedling leaves were subject to the impact of varying degrees under three kinds of stress treatments, and exogenous vitamin could weaken the influences under sress.
Key words: Wheat；Exogenous vitamin；UV radiation；NaCl stress；Physiological
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目 录
摘 要 1
引言 2
1. 材料与方法 2
1.1 实验材料 2
1.2 方法 2
1.2.1 小麦幼苗培养 2
1.2.2 外源文生素、盐胁迫液的配制 3
1.2.3 盐胁迫处理 3
1.2.4 紫外线胁迫处理 3
1.2.5 紫外线和盐复合胁迫处理 3
1.2.6 外源文生素处理 3
1.2.7 各种生理指标的测定方法 4
2. 结果与分析 4
2.1 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中叶绿素含量的变化 4
2.2 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中丙二醛含量的变化 5
2.3 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中游离脯氨酸含量的变化 5
2.4 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白含量的变化 5
2.5 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中可溶性糖含量的变化 6
2.6 各种处理下小麦幼苗叶片中过氧化物酶活性的变化 6
3. 结论与讨论 6
3.1 结论 6
3.2 讨论 6
参考文献 9
致谢 12
外源文生素对紫外线与盐胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及生理代谢的影响 引言
地球臭氧层的破坏引起的大气中UV（280-320nm）辐射的增加和盐碱地是当今世界上最受关注的环境问题之一[1-2]。近年来，关于UV辐射及盐碱地对植物的形态、生物量、繁殖、生理生化特性等方面的影响，国内外学者已经做了大量研究，据报道[3-6]，增强UV辐射会破坏植物的光合色素、导致可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量升高，并引起叶片中游离脯氨酸（Pro）和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加以及过氧化物酶(POD)活性增强；而来源于工业废料、垃圾、污泥、化肥、农药的重金属元素不仅会危害人体健康，引起人体重要器官功能紊乱[7]，还会影响植物多种生理特性，有研究[8-13]表明，在盐胁迫下，植物幼苗叶片中丙二醛(MDA)大量积累，叶绿素含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高，游离脯氨酸含量增加，可溶性蛋白含量升高，可溶性糖含量也会升高。我们都知道在自然界中, 任何动植物的生长和发育都离不开各种营养元素及生长调节剂，而文生素就是其中之一，目前, 在小麦生产过程中加以施用文生素来调节其生长发育也尚处于探索阶段.有关外源文生素对小麦幼苗生理生化特性影响的研究鲜有报道。本实验以小麦作为实验材料，采用土培法，研究紫外线与盐胁迫对小麦幼苗生长及生理代谢(如光和色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量等)的影响以及小麦的适应机制，同时研究紫外线与盐胁迫下，外源文生素对小麦的保护作用，旨在为研究综合污染的生态效应提供依据。
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