摘要天然生物酶具有催化效率强，反应条件温和和专一性强等特性，少量生物酶即可很大的促进某一特定的生化反应，而且绿色无污染，但是，它比较容易受到物理或化学等因素的影响而失活。生物酶的开发与应用已成为生物领域中的重点应用研究课题。生物酶常不稳定性，易失活，价格昂贵，且提纯困难，储存及应用环境要求苛刻，限制了生物酶的应用。模拟酶不仅专一性强、结构简单、催化效率高，而且化学性质稳定，也廉价易得，可大量生产，应用价值极高。84317

本实验采用混合离子液体来代替生物酶功能体系，分别催化纤维二糖、微晶纤维素和玉米秸秆。先采用盐酸法，碱法，混合离子液体预处理微晶纤维素和羧甲基纤维素，使用硫酸氢根离子液体和[MEIM][DMP]（1:1）的混合溶剂进行溶解并降解。通过对硫酸氢根离子液体的研究和不同反应时间的研究，对其做了大量的实验和对照，实验结果表明采用硫酸氢根离子液体和[MEIM][DMP]的混合溶剂共同处理纤维二糖、微晶纤维素和玉米秸秆比单一的使用酶处理的效果要好。通过对实验结果的比较与分析，我们发现混合离子液体具有良好的催化特性，催化微晶纤维素为葡萄糖转化率高达34。56%，它是无毒无害的原料，除具有溶解度高、不挥发不燃烧的特性外，还具有较强的催化特性。

关键词：模拟酶；硫酸氢根；混合离子液体；玉米秸秆；葡萄糖转化率；

Abstract

Natural biological enzyme with high catalytic efficiency, reaction conditions are moderate and strong specificity and other characteristics, a small amount of enzyme can be great to promote a specific biochemical reactions and green non pollution。 However, it is relatively easy to by physical or chemical factors such as the effect of inactivation。 The development and application of biological enzyme has become a key research topic in the field of biology。 Biological enzyme is often unstable, easy to inactivation, expensive, and difficult purification, storage and application of harsh environmental requirements, limiting the application of biological enzymes。 The simulated enzyme has the advantages of strong specificity, simple structure, high catalytic efficiency, stable chemical property, easy production, and high application value。

Mixed ionic liquid was used to replace the biological enzyme function system, which were used to catalyze the catalytic activity of two sugar, microcrystalline cellulose and corn stalk。 First, hydrochloric acid method, alkali method, mixed ionic liquid pretreatment microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, using hydrogen sulfate ion liquid and [MEIM][DMP] (1:1) mixed solvent for dissolution and degradation。 Through the study of hydrogen sulfate ion liquid and different reaction time research, to do a lot of experimental and control。 The experimental results show that better than the effect of using mixed solvent of hydrogen sulfate ion liquid and [MEIM][DMP] jointly deal with cellobiose, microcrystalline cellulose and corn straw than a single use of enzyme treatment。 Through the comparison and analysis of the experimental results, we found that mixed ionic liquid has a good catalytic properties, catalytic microcrystalline cellulose to glucose conversion rate as high as 34。56%, it is non-toxic and harmless raw materials, not only has high solubility, not volatile combustion characteristics, but also has good catalytic properties。

Keywords：simulated enzyme; hydrogen sulfate radical; mixed ionic liquid; corn straw; glucose conversion rate;

目  录

第一章 绪 论 1

1。1 前言 1

1。2 模拟酶 1

1。2。1 模拟酶概述