摘    要

本文主要采用了文献法、问卷调查对多媒体背景下小学生空间观念进行了调查，主要从轴对称、平移、旋转三个方面进行考察空间能力和空间观念。其中问卷的编写以《数学课程标准》中的目标为衡量标准，考察了杭州市某小学2到5年级共185名学生对图形的运动的了解水平。结果表明：（1）小学生对图形的运动的理解水平总体较高；（2）对于图形平移掌握的比较好，但是对图形旋转、对称掌握程度不高。尤其是与图形旋转有关的想象能力有待提高；（3）年龄对学生理解图形的运动水平的发展有影响，随着年龄的增长，空间智能呈现上升的趋势。四五年级学生的空间能力较好，至于升入初中后空间观念的发展趋势有待研究；（4）本次研究认为性别对空间能力发展的影响不显著。分析其原因主要是多媒体教学手段的使用。85296

本研究目的在于通过了解多媒体背景下小学生空间观念的发展水平，对当前小学生空间观念的培养和图形的运动的教学教学提供一些对策和建议。

毕业论文关键词：空间能力； 空间观念； 图形的运动； 性别差异； 年龄差异

Abstract This article mainly adopted literature method, questionnaire survey under the background of multimedia pupils of graphics and motion (axisymmetric, translation, rotation) the understanding level of study。 Including the writing of the questionnaire based on the target for "mathematics curriculum standard" measure, examines the Hangzhou city some primary school is grade 2 and 5, 185 students' understanding of the movement of the graphics level。 Results show that: (1) primary school students understanding of graphic movement level is higher in general ;(2) For graphics translation master is better, but for graphics rotating, symmetry master degree is not high。Especially in relation to the graphics rotation imagination ability needs to improve;(3)age for students to understand the movement of the level of development, as the growth of the age, the spatial intelligence showed a trend of rising。 Four or five grade students' spatial ability is good, to the development trend of the concept of space when in junior research;(4) the study think that the influence of gender on spatial ability development was not significant。 

The purpose of this study was to understand elementary space conception under the background of multimedia development level, for the current primary school students of the movement of the cultivation of the concept of space and graphic

teaching provides some countermeasures and Suggestions。

Keyword: Spatial ability; Space concept; Graphic movement; Gender differences；Age difference

目    录

1。问题的提出 4

1。1 研究背景与意义 4

1。2 相关概念界定 5

1。3 国内外研究现状 6

1。3。1关于空间观念发展规律的研究 6

1。3。3 关于学生图形的运理解水平的研究 8

2。研究对象和研究方法 9

2。2研究方法 9

2。1研究对象 9

2。3研究工具 9

2。4数据处理 10

3。研究结果 10

3。1图形的运动部分人教版教材分析 10

3。1。1我国小学几何课程的发展