摘 要:图形与几何的教学是小学数学教学中的一个重要组成部分,它是学生发展空间观念的基础,是学生逻辑思维能力的萌芽点。数学来源于生活并以学生的生活积累为基础,小学生空间观念还不够深刻,他们的学习是对生活中数学直观感知的过程,对数学还没有一个明确的认识 ,对“图形与几何”更是陌生。本文从图形与几何的四大学习领域:“图形的认识、测量、图形的运动、图形与位置”举例阐述如何在图形与几何的教学中,更好地培养学生的空间观念和思维能力,提高学习效果。74769
毕业论文关键词:小学数学,图形与几何,教学策略
Abstract: “Graphics and geometry” is an integral part in the process of mathematics teaching in elementary schools。 The concept of “Graphics and geometry” is a foundation upon which students can develop space ideas as well as logical thinking ability。 Math originates from life, so it’s convenient for students with certain space conception to study from their own life experiences。 However, since pupils who are used to perceiving the images of things depending mainly on their intuition, lack basic space idea, they haven’t established an explicit understanding of math, let alone the conception of “Graphics and geometry”。 This thesis tries to explore pupils’ cognitive characteristics and gives an explanation from four perspectives of “Graphics and geometry”, namely the recognition of the graph, the measurement of the graph, the movement of the graph and the position of the graph on how to develop students’ space conception and their thinking ability in teaching process so as to improve their learning efficiency。
Key words: Elementary school mathematics, Graphics and geometry, Teaching strategy
目 录
1.前言 4
2。小学生学习图形与几何的特点 4
3。图形与几何的教学内容 4
3。1图形的认识教学内容 4
3。2测量教学内容 5
3。3图形的运动教学内容 5
3。4。图形与位置教学内容 5
4。图形与几何的教学策略 5
4。1。图形的认识教学策略 5
4。1。1 巧设情境、初步感知 5
4。1。2 探究学习、体验内化 6
4。2测量教学策略 7
4。2。1量的认识教学策略 7
4。2。2单位的认识教学策略 8
4。2。3公式的推导教学策略 8
4。3图形的运动教学策略 9
4。3。1结合生活实例,在观察与比较中认识图形的运动 9
4。3。2借助操作活动 ,加深对图形运动的认识 9
4。3。3注重从变换的角度,引导学生感受图形 9
4。3。4有效运用现代教学技术 9
4。4图形与位置教学策略 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
1.前言