摘要数学作为自然学科的基础学科，是中小学教育中不可缺少的基础学科，数学学科的学习直接影响学生其他学科的学习，是学生学习成功的关键。在学困研究中，对数学学习困难的研究己成为当今国际教育界研究的一大热点，且不同学者研究的侧重点各不相同，得出的结论和观点也不同。本文主要研究了学困生的几个成因，分别分为内部学生自身因素和外部教师、同伴、应试教育的因素。另外也浅谈了一些数学学困生的转化策略：端正教师教学观念；改进教法，课堂多样化，提高学生学习兴趣；培养学生形成良好的学习习惯；师生情感交流；加强家校联系，优化学生学习环境；充分利用同伴群体的榜样、扶助、竞争。75229

毕业论文关键词：小学数学； 学困生； 成因；转化策略

Abstract As the fundamental course of science—Mathematics, is an indispensable basic subjects in primary and secondary school education, mathematics learning will directly affects the students studying other disciplines, and it is the key to the success of students’ learning。 In the study of learning disability, the study of mathematics learning disability has become a hotspot in the research of the international education today, and the emphasis of the different scholars studied are not identical, the conclusion and point of view is also different with each other。 This paper mainly studied the several causes of learning disability which are pided into the internal student self factors and external Teachers peer examination oriented Education factors。 Also we briefly discuss some mathematical transformation strategy of learning disability: regular teacher teaching idea; Improve teaching methods, persify the classroom and improve the students' learning interest; To cultivate students form good learning habits; form a good emotional communication between teachers and students; Strengthen parent-school contact, optimize the environment of students' learning; Make full use of the model of peer groups, aids, competition。

Keywords: mathematics in primary school；learning disability；cause analysis；transformation strategy

目录

引言 4

正文 4

一、学困生的定义 4

二、数学学困生的定义 4

三、数学学困生的成因分析 4

（一）内部原因 4

1．基础知识缺乏 4

2．失败定势导致学生缺乏兴趣、自信，学习动机降低 5

3．学习态度不够端正，缺乏上进心 5

4．意志品质薄弱，缺乏独立性 5

5．学习方法不恰当，学习效率低 5

6．在思维转变过程中存在缺陷 5

（二）外部原因 6

1．教师因素 6

2．同伴群体 6

3．应试教育 6

四、数学学困生的转化策略 6

（一）端正教师教学观念 6

1．对于学困生的认识 6

2．对于数学教育的认识 7

3．对于学习方法重要性的认识 7

（二）改进教法，课堂多样化，提高学生学习兴趣