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摘要：针对串联战斗部激光引信工作特点，设计了一种基于靶上光电接收的激光引信起爆时间测试装置。采用光电法测试弹丸出炮口时间；在目标靶板上安装激光接模块接收激光引信发射的激光脉冲，采用雪崩光电二级管（APD）作为光电探测器，并设计与之匹配的放大滤波电路，灵敏度高、响应速度快。数据采集模块采集弹丸出炮口信号和靶上激光接收信号在PC上实时显示和存储。试验结果表明装置可以可靠捕捉弹丸出炮口信号和激光引信发射光脉冲，通过读取引信发火前后激光信号的频率变化的时间，与弹丸出炮口时间相减，得到激光引信起爆时间。30736
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关键词：激光引信，起爆时间，数据采集，光电探测，APD
毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）外文摘要
Title The Design of Testing System for the Missile Borne Laser Target
Abstract
Aiming at the existent laser fuze test device was unable to monitor the working condition of laser fuze during Projectile flying in real time, a Laser fuze external ballistics monitoring device was designed. Optoelectric test method was improved for testing the muzzle-leaving time of projectile; Laser receiving module was installed on target to receive laser pulses emitted by laser fuze, using avalanche photodiode(APD) as photodetector, the matched amplifying and filtering circuit was designed, which had high sensitivity and fast response. Data acquisition module recorded muzzle-leaving signal and laser signal, then display and storage on the PC in real-time. Testing result shows that the device can reliably capture muzzle-leaving time of projectile and light pulse emitted by laser fuze. Detonation time of laser fuze can be read intuitively by analyzing the frequency change of the laser signal.
Keywords：Laser Fuze；Detonation Time；Data Acquisition；Photoelectric detection；APD
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1
1.2 雪崩光电探测器技术的发展现状 2
1.3 本文研究的主要内容 3
2 系统总体设计 3
2.1 系统原理介绍 3
2.2 光学成像系统的设计 4
2.2.1探测镜头的选用 4
2.3 系统总体结构设计 5
3. 弹丸出炮口时间测试 5
3.1 炮口靶丝通断法 5
3.2声探测法 6
3.3 光电法 7
3.4 高速摄影法 7
3.4 本章小结 8
4 激光探测模块设计 8
4.1 雪崩光电二极管探测原理 9
4.1.1 APD雪崩倍增原理 9
4.1.2 暗电流和反向偏压的关系 9
4.1.3 增益与工作温度的关系 10
4.1.4 频率响应 10
4.1.5 结电容 11
4.1.6 响应速度 12
4.1.7 APD管的噪声 12
4.2 APD探测的接收系统设计 13
4.2.1 放大滤波电路设计 13
4.2.2 光学系统设计 14
4.3 本章小结 16
5 实验 16
5.1 数据采集装置 16
5.1.1功能介绍 17
5.1.2性能指标 18
5.2 实验原理 18
5.3 测试试验 20
5.3.1 炮口光信号检测装置性能测试 20
5.3.2 激光接收系统远距离接收性能测试 20
5.4 实验结果分析 21