摘要：图像边缘检测技术是目标识别、图像分割、区域形态提取等图像分析领域中十分重要的基础，它也是图像处理和计算机视觉等领域最基本的技术。那么就如何快速、精确的提取图像物体的边缘信息就成为国内外一直研究的热点。在图像研究中，边缘检测作为数字图像的最重要的特征之一，它的准确检测对于人们理解和应用图像具有深刻的指导意义。本文在总结和分析现有边缘检测技术的基础上，结合MATLAB开发仿真工具来研究和比较各种图像边缘检测算子的基本原理，并对具有代表性的几种算子进行了MATLAB仿真。最后展示了不同算子在图像边缘检测中的效果，努力寻求一个令人满意的解决方案。57712

毕业论文关键词： MATLAB, 边缘检测， 算子

Abstract ：The image edge detection technique is very important to the image analysis，such as the image segmentation, the target recognition, and extraction of the regional patterns .The technique of the image edge detection is the essential technique in the field of the image process and computer vision .How to detect accurately and fast the edge information of the object has been a research focus both at home and abroad all the time. As one of the most important feature of the digital image，edge’ s precise detection has very profound meanings of guidance in people’ S understanding and applying images．On condition of having summarized and analyzed the existing edge detection methods，this paper combined some development tools such as MATLAB，Outlined a variety of image edge detection operators of the basic principles，and representative of several operators that have been discussed basic edge detection method and several processes of its improvements from the point of enhancing the detection performance，and then proposed a synthetic method with nice property by the MATLAB．Finally displayed the various Operator and compare with each other on the applications of the edge detection，and try my best to get the satisfactory solutions for each one of them 

Keywords:  MATLAB, edge detection, Operator

目录

1  前言 4

2  MATLAB的简单介绍 4

2.1  MATLAB的概述 4

2.2  MATLAB的发展历程 5

2.3  MATLAB软件优势 6

2.3.1  编程环境 6

2.3.2  简单易用 7

2.3.3  很强处理能力 7

2.4  MATLAB的具体应用 7

2.5  MATLAB的图像处理功能 8

3   边缘检测的简单介绍 8

3.1  边缘的概述 8

3.2  边缘检测中的各种术语及其意义 9

3.3  边缘检测算法 10

3.4  边缘检测的步骤 10

3.5  边缘检测中存在的问题 11

4  几种常用算子介绍 12

4.1  算法原理 12

4.1.1  ROBERTS算子 12

4.1.2  CANNY算子 12

4.1.3  SOBEL算子和PREWITT算子 13

5  常用算子算法的流程图 14

5.1  ROBERTS梯度算子的流程图