摘要锥形波束天线所独有的倾斜波束结构、极大的波束覆盖范围以及径向对称性等特点，使得其近年来在各类无线通信系统中得到了非常广泛的应用。作为主要的研究方向，本文对微带天线阵列的设计以及波束的赋形做了一定研究。天线设计部分以HFSS仿真设计为主。首先设计出一个K波段的角馈式微带贴片，满足增益的要求后便以该微带贴片为基础设计出一个K波段的26元一维微带天线阵列，并通过调试令其主瓣增益以及副瓣电平满足设计需求。最后以同样的方法设计出20×6的天线阵列，通过迭代最小二乘法对天线阵的激励幅度与相位进行迭代加权计算从而对波束赋形，并通过幅度与相位的权值来对阵面进行调试与改善。最后对比不同相对误差下已赋形的锥形波束，选择出波形较好的作为赋形完成的锥形波束。78740

毕业论文关键词    微带天线  波束赋形   锥形波束  迭代最小二乘法  K波段

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    The Design of  Antenna Array with Conical Beam in K-band                   

Abstract Because of the characteristics such as beam-tilt, large beam coverage, radial polarization symmetry,conical beam antenna has been widely used in vehicle satellite communications, wireless local area network, tracking and other navigation systems in recent years。As the major research,this paper has done some research on the design of micro-strip antenna array and making relevant algorithm pattern shaped conical beam 。 Antenna Design HFSS simulation design of the main portion。 First, we designed a K-band horn-fed micro-strip antenna patch。 After meeting the requirements of the gain, we designed a K-band micro-strip antenna array with 26 units based on it which meets the same demand 。Then we made the main lobe meet the certain gain with the side lobe under controlled。 Then,We designed a micro-strip antenna array with 20×6 units and got the beam-forming pattern which is shaped as a conical beam of the micro-strip antenna by using an iterative least-squares synthesis method for the amplitude and phase of antenna excitation with iterative weighted。After this,basing on the weight of the excitation amplitude and phase,we can improve the whole antenna array by debugging 。Finally, with the comparison of different relative errors which has been used in beam-forming, we selected the better one as done。

Keywords  Micro-strip antenna array  Beam-forming  Conical beam   Iterative least-squares synthesis method   K-band

目   次

1  引言 1

1。1  天线技术研究现状 1

1。2  锥形波束天线及研究现状 1

1。3  波束赋形简介 5

1。4  本文的章节安排 5

2  相关基础理论介绍 6

2。1 微带天线的基本理论 6

2。2 阵列天线基本介绍 11

2。3 适用于优化极化与频率特性的共形阵列的迭代最小二乘技术 12

3  串馈式天线阵列的设计 14

3。1 方形角馈式微带贴片的设计