摘要：煤矿通风机是煤矿生产必备机械设备之一，通风机的正常运行是煤矿 安全生产的重中之重。通风机在运行时会出现转子失衡、旋转失速、堵转、过热 等故障。为第一时间发现故障并发出警报，建立通风机的状态监测与故障预诊断 系统。71457

采用加速度传感器设计了振动信号检测模块，使用风速仪测量风速，采用热 电阻设计了通风机温度测量模块，使用霍尔传感器设计了通风机转速测量模块， 采用电感式接近传感器检测风门状态，利用交流电压、电流互感器隔离检测通风 机供电状况，实现对通风机状态的数据采集与监测。通过对所采集到的振动、温 度、转速、供电以及风道风速等信息进行预诊断，并与上位机进行数据交换，为 上位机的自动倒机控制提供决策依据。

本系统弥补了传统监测仪工作不稳定、监测内容不全、监测精度低等缺陷, 增强了矿用通风机的智能化管理能力,保证了通风机设备的正确运行,减小了通 风机故障发生几率，降低了管理、维护和维修的难度。

毕业论文关键词：状态监测； 煤矿通风机； 传感器； 预诊断

Abstract

Coal mine ventilator is one of the mechanical essentials in the production of the coal mine. The safe and stable operation of the ventilator is the guarantee of coal mine safety manufacture. When in operation, the ventilator may appear rotor imbalance, rotating stall, blocking, overheating and other hitches. In order to find hitch and alert immediately, designed ventilator’s condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system.

The system used an acceleration sensor to design measure moldule of the intensity of ventilator vibration, used anemometer to measure wind speed, used temperature sensor to design measure moldule of the temperature of the motor, used a Hall sensor to measure rotation speed, used inductive proximity sensor to detect the throttle status, used AC voltage/current transformer to detect power supply’s status indirectly, achieves ventilator’s data acquisition and monitoring. Based on the pre-diagnosis to the collected vibration, temperature, speed, power, wind speed and other information, implement emergency control when failures come to ventilator.

The system solves the problems which exist in the previous monitoring system, such as working unstably, not comprehensive monitoring content, low monitoring accuracy and so on. The system also improves the level of automatic management, and ensures the appropriate operation of device. It reduces the difficultyof ventilator’s management and maintenance.

Keywords: Condition monitoring; Coal mine ventilator; Sensor; Pre-diagnosis

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1 煤矿通风机状态检测研究背景与意义 1

1.2 通风机状态监测仪的发展趋势 1

1.3 论文研究内容 2

2 通风机故障类型 4

2.1 通风机机械故障 4

2.2 通风机性能故障 5

3 通风机状态监测仪总体设计 6

3.1 煤矿通风机状态监测仪硬件设计 6

3.1.1 STM32F103 微处理器简介 7

3.1.2 振动参数测量 8

3.1.3 温度信号采集 9

3.1.4 风速测量 10

3.1.5 风压测量 11

3.1.6 风机转速测量