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The Pursuit of Equity and Harmony -- The Interpretation ofHawthorne’s ThreeWorks in the Perspective of Ecofeminism
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Abstract： In this paper, three representative works of Hawthorne’s are selected to be analyzed in acomparatively new perspective -- ecofeminism. The three works are The Scarlet Letter, TheBirthmark, Rappaccini’ s Daughter. Through the reinterpretation of the theme of the three works,we hoped to find the leading role of them in pursuit of equity and harmony of modern society.There are overall seven chapters in this thesis. The first chapter introduces the contents of the threeworks. The second chapter reviews the research status quo of ecofeminism. The third chaptercompares the research of Hawthorne’s works both in domestic and outbound. More emphasis isstressed on the fourth chapter to the sixth chapter. On analyzing the oppression from man towoman, from human-being to nature as well as the close relationship between woman and nature,it can be concluded that we need to create the society which stresses the equity of man and woman,harmony of human and nature. The seventh chapter is conclusion.37267
Key words: ecofeminism; harmony; equity
平等与和谐的追求--生态女性主义视野下的霍桑小说三部曲解读摘要： 本文运用较为新颖的生态女性主义理论，选取了霍桑小说中具有代表性的三部作品进行对比分析，分别是《红字》、《胎记》、《拉帕西尼的女儿》。并企图重新解读这三部作品的主题，倡导对现代社会平等和谐的追求的引导作用。本文共分为七个章节，第一章简要介绍这三部作品的故事梗概。第二章回顾了生态女性主义理论的研究情况。第三章比较了霍桑作品的中西方研究以及特征。第四章到第优尔章是本文的重点章节，分别研究了三部作品中二元双方男性对女性的压迫，男性对自然的压迫以及女性与自然的密切联系。从而得出了在解决两性平等问题时将女性与自然联系起来，创建男性女性平等，人与自然和谐的社会的主题。第七章为总结段落。
毕业论文关键词：生态女性主义；和谐；平等
Contents
ABSTRACT .. 1
KEYWORDS .. 1
摘要 1
关键词 . 1
1. INTRUDUCTION .. 2
1.1 The Scarlet Letter -- psychological crime confession. 2
1.2 The Birthmark -- a tragic perfection. 2
1.3 Rappaccini's Daughter -- poisonous beauty.3
2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOFEMINISM .. 4
2.1 The concept of ecofeminism.4
2.2 Ecofeminism in the field of literary criticism..4
3. HAWTHORNE'S RESEARCH STATUS 5
3.1 Western research on Hawthorne .6
3.2 Domestic research on Hawthorne..6
3.3 Characteristic of Hawthorne’s works7
3.3.1 Psychological profiling7
3.3.2 Strong Religious overtone. 7
3.3.3 Immature ecofeminism 8
4. MAN’S OVER-EXPLOITATION TOWARDS NATURE ..8
4.1 Over-expanding rationality8
4.2 Rappaccini's toxic garden.. 9
4.3 Vengeful leech.. 10
5. COMMON SAD DESTINY OFWOMEN UNDER PATRIARCHY..11
5.1 Georgiana: victim of perfectionist.. 11
5.2 Beatrice: recalcitrant at a cost of death.12
5.3 Hester: awakening of feminism13
6. FEMALE-NATURE CO-RELATION14
6.1 A close relationship.14
6.1.1 Pearl and nature.. 14
6.1.2 Hester and nature 14
6.1.3 Geogeraina and nature.15
6.2 Woman symbolizing nature 15
7. CONCLUSION. 16
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.17
BIBLIOGRAPHY 18
1. IntroductionNathaniel Hawthorne has always been the most influential writer in the historyof American literature. As one of the pioneer of Romantic novel, Hawthornconsidered his novels as psychological romance. This kind of writing style values thedescription of characters’ mental activities and integrates human and things in itself,which helps a great in prying into characters’ inner worlds.Hawthorne’s writing style was mostly being affected by his early life experienceas a puritan and transcendental Utopian ideological trend when he befriended withEmerson and Thoreau. Thus, many of his works were all covered with dense religiouscolor, also, a kind of primary ecofeminist consciousness was conveyed in them.Among which, The Scarlet Letter, The Birthmark” and Rappaccini’ s Daughter aregiven special concern in this thesis.