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Abstract With the advancement of the communication of different cultures, it is inevitable to translate one language to another. When it comes to translation, we must consider many things: living habits, environment, cultures, conventions, language and so on. In the translation practice, it is difficult to cope with special linguistic or culture features, especially to translate Chinese traditional cultures or conventions to English. The translators have to pay attention to the understanding of the foreign readers, and maintain the Chinese characteristic as well. So during this period,the supporting translation theories are necessary.42622
In this paper, I take the famous novel A Moment in Peking written by Lin Yutang as the reference text. Since published, this novel attracts much attention. The cultural value, the language features and historical background of this novel are worth studying. It has proven that, for a long time, scholars in home and abroad have studied this novel from various angles, acquiring outstanding achievements. The choice of this novel is just to follow the former researches to come up my own ideas with the help of the previous people. To avoid the wideness of the research object, this thesis choose color culture terms with Chinese characteristics as research object. Firstly because the novel covers people’s social life in last century about garment, food, living, vehicles, poems, songs, Chinese medicine, names, convention, tradition, religion, the Taoist and Confucianist culture.Through these culture-loaded words, we can deliver Chinese culture better and this is the aim of Lin to write this novel.
Secondly, it is difficult to express Chinese culture in English. Therefore, the research of Lin’s translation is significant for our future’s study. I choose Nida’s Functional Equivalence as theoretical support. The appearance, growth and mature of this theory has experienced a long and controversial time. Through the study of Functional Equivalence, I get a profound comprehension. The combination of the novel and Functional Equivalence, I can fully know the specific apply of this theory. So the study make the best of both sides.
During the process of the study of A Moment in Peking, we can not only realize the extensive and profound of Chinese culture, and have a deep and comprehensive understand of this theory. Meanwhile, with the frequency of culture communication, the deepening of culture fusion, the increase comprehension and expectation of readers, some translation phenomenon of this novel should keep the pace with the time which must be an important part of our future study.
Key words:Functional Equivalence culture-loaded words A Moment in Peking
摘要随着不同文化的交流的发展，将一种语言翻译成另一种语言是无法避免的。当谈及翻译，我们必须考虑多种因素：生活习惯、环境、文化、传统、语言等。在翻译过程中，如何处理特色的语言和文化现象是比较困难的，尤其是将中华传统的文化和习俗翻译成英文。译者不仅要考虑外国读者的理解力，又要注意保持中华特色。所以在此研究期间，一定的翻译理论作为理论支持是很必要的。
本文以林语堂先生的著名小说京华烟云为参考文本，此小说自出版以来便备受关注，其中富含的文化价值，语言特色，时代背景等都是值得细细考究的，事实证明，长久以来古今中外学者也多次从不同角度研究此小说，获得了显著的成果。此次选择此本小说也是为了站在前人的肩膀上，循着以往的研究足迹形成自己的见解。为避免研究对象太过宽泛，本文选择带有中国特色的文化负载词为研究对象。首先此本小说中大量有关上世纪百姓的衣食住行、诗词歌赋、中医中药、称谓、礼仪、传统、宗教、道家儒家文化等的文化负载词都是带有中国意的，通过这些负载词可以很好地向西方传递中国文化，这也是林语堂写作《京华烟云》的初衷。其次，用英文表达这些中华民族传统文化也是颇具难度的，通过研究林氏翻译方法对于我们以后的学习也是具有指导意义。本次选用奈达的功能对等理论为理论支撑，此理论的产生、发展、到日臻完善也是一个漫长而艰难的过程，一路走来备受争议，但目前已较为成熟，选用此功能对等理论既形成对此理论的深刻了解，通过和小说具体的语言现象的结合研究，又能充分了解到此理论的具体应用，两全其美。