《白鲸》的生态解读

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Abstract Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, a novel concerning about ecological predictions, discussed deeply on the relationship between man and nature. In the aim of excavating hidden ecological enlightenment, the thesis gives a study of Moby Dick from the perspective of ecological criticism by analyzing of main characters, important plots and environmental atmosphere. 53664

The thesis is pided into six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author Herman Melville, the main plots of Moby Dick and explains the basic concept of ecological criticism. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant researches about this novel at home and abroad. Part three and part four analyze the main characters and important plots by exploring its ecological enlightenments. Part five explains the harmony between man and nature and man and man. Finally, in the conclusion, the narrator reviews the previous parts and concludes the thesis.

Keywords: Moby Dick; Herman Melville; harmony; man and nature; man and man

摘要赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的《白鲸》是一部有关生态预言的小说，对人与自然的关系作了深刻独到的探讨。本文尝试从生态批评的角度出发，通过对作品主要人物形象、重要故事情节、环境氛围等的分析，挖掘作品暗藏的生态启示。

本论文分为六个部分。第一部分介绍赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的生平、简述《白鲸》的主要故事内容以及生态批评的基本理念。第二部分介绍国内外对其作品的研究状况。第三及第四部分分别从分析主要人物形象，辅以重要故事情节挖掘其中的生态启示。第五部分分析的是《白鲸》中人与自然的和谐及人与人的和谐。第六部分是对全文的回顾和总结。

毕业论文关键词：《白鲸》；赫尔曼·梅尔维尔；和谐；人与自然；人与人

Contents

1. Introduction 1

2. Literature Review 2

3. Human Being’s Contempt on Nature 3

3.1 Ahab’s Contempt on Nature 3

3.2 Crews’ Hunting of Whales 4

4. Revenge by Nature 6

4.1 Moby-Dick's Threat to Human Beings 6

4.2 Environment’s Revenge on Human Beings 7

5. Harmony in Moby Dick 8

5.1 Harmony between Man and Nature 8

5.2 Harmony between Man and Man 9

6. Conclusion 10

Works Cited 12

1. Introduction

Herman Melville is viewed as one of the most distinguished writers in American literature and also one of the most influential writers in world literature history. However, his whole life was filled with setbacks and his achievements were not greatly lightened until his death for thirty years long. Herman Melville was born in New York City in 1819. Due to his father went bankrupt, he was pulled into poverty at a stroke and finished his four years’ school learning that he had little regular education. During the following fifteen years, he has used to work as bank clerk, farm worker and village teacher, during which, he has known whether it was cold or warm by himself. In 1837, he started his voyage life which stimulated his great desire for voyage. Hereafter, in 1839, 1841 and 1842, he worked as a sailor one after another. Although without regular education, his rough life and four-year sea adventures have become the “Yale” and “Harvard” which provided continuous sources during his creation.