We can know that there are three different kinds of reading fluency: silent reading fluency, oral reading fluency as well as retell reading fluency。 These three kinds of reading fluency together contribute 57% of total variance in people’s reading comprehension。 Then, we may wonder which one is the strongest factor? Turkyilmaz’s research pointed out that oral reading fluency, compared to the other two, had a stronger effect on reading comprehension (Turkyilmaz, Can, Yildirim&Ates, 2014)。 

Then, how to measure students’ oral reading fluency and their reading comprehension? In Turkyilmaz’s research, the researchers collected three different kinds of data to be the yard stick: accuracy, automaticity and prosody (Rasinski, 2004)。 As for the reading comprehension, they designed several questions in the forms of cloze and Q&A for each reading passage and then asked the participants to complete these questions。 After data was collected, the researchers began to analyze it。 (oral reading fluency = automaticity * 93% + accuracy * 64 % + prosody * 73%; reading comprehension = cloze *82% + Q & A *70%)

2。3 Studies on the Differences between Boys and Girls in terms of Learning English

According to Huang Cuiying’s research, there are three main reasons counting for the gender differences。 They are physiology reason, social reason and educational reason (Huang, 2013)。 For example, girls are more able to engage in multi-task behavior while boys may take more time in processing emotive information。 This is because boys’ and girls’ brain are developed differently。 Also, the society begins to exert different influence to boys and girls at the moment they are born。 Boys are expected to be brave while girls gentle and kind。 These factors will work together to cultivate different personalities for different genders。 来*自-优=尔,论:文+网www.youerw.com

Generally speaking, boys differ from girls in many aspects, like the ability of thought, faculty of memory, motivation and determination, confidence and character and interest (Huang, 2013)。 We may easily find that boys are better at science while girls can do better in art since boys tends to be logical thinking and girls image thinking。 When it comes to English study, boys are likely to have different opinions and motivation towards it from girls。 Boys may be less interested in English study。 To find out more details about the differences in English study between boys and girls, Chen Yan has conducted a research。 This study shows that girls are better at listening, speaking, reading and writing than boys。 And girls are more in high score section, boys are more in low score section (Chen, 2011)。 Language abilities consist of four parts: listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities。 To learn a language well, one must have a good command of these four abilities。 And from Chen Yan’s study, we can see that girls do better in these abilities。 That means girls tend to have better performance in English study。 As for the result of examinations, girls can get higher scores than boys。 For learning motivation, learning attitudes, learning interest and self-evaluation, boys also behave differently。 (Chen, 2011)