摘要：随着电力推进与全电力推进的逐步发展，电力系统承担了更多的任务。大量的电力电子元件、仪表与大功率的电气设备被装配在船舶上，导致船舶电力系统更加复杂，发生故障的概率也大大增加，对船舶电力系统的稳定性产生了较为严重的影响。船舶区域配电系统作为船舶电力系统发展的分支，目前也正在被广泛使用，因此，其故障时系统的稳定性与安全可靠性需要关注。

本文首先使用PSCAD/EMTDC对船舶区域配电系统中的柴油机及其转速调节部分、同步发电机及励磁控制部分建立了数学模型。然后在建立的船舶区域配电系统模型的基础上，利用等效发电机模型以及简化环网的方法计算不同工况下的系统发生三相短路时的短路电流；并且针对仿真结果，分析短路故障发生时系统是否满足稳定性的要求；最后提出保护策略，使系统能及时切除故障，进一步保证系统能安全稳定运行。

经过仿真分析可以得出短路故障会使船舶区域配电系统的电流大幅上升、电压大幅下降，从而对系统安全造成威胁。

关键词：船舶区域配电系统；PSCAD/EMTDC；短路故障；继电保护

Abstract：With the gradual development of electric propulsion and full electric propulsion, the power system takes on more tasks. A large number of electrical equipment of power electronics, instrumentation and high power are assembled in the ship, causing the ship power system is more complex, the probability of failure is also increased, have more serious impact on the stability of ship power system. As a branch of ship power system development, ship area power distribution system is widely used at present. Therefore, the stability and safety reliability of the system must be paid attention to.

Firstly, the mathematical model of the diesel engine and its speed regulation part, the synchronous generator and the excitation control part of the ship regional power distribution system are established by using PSCAD/EMTDC. Then based on the ship regional distribution system model based on the equivalent generator model and a simplified method for ring network short-circuit calculation system under different conditions when three-phase short circuit happened; and according to the simulation results, analysis of whether the system satisfies the requirements of the stability of the short-circuit fault occurs; and finally puts forward the protection strategy, which enables the system to be removed the fault in time, further the system can guarantee the safe and stable operation.

Through simulation analysis, it can be concluded that the short-circuit fault will make the current of the ship area power distribution system rise substantially, and the voltage will drop sharply, thus threatening the system security.

Keywords: Marine regional distribution system;PSCAD/EMTDC;Short-circuit fault;relay protection

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1课题研究的背景及意义 1

1.2国内外发展现状 1

1.3本文所做工作 2

第二章船舶电力系统组成及仿真软件介绍 3

2.1船舶电力系统的组成 3

2.2PSCAD/EMTDC的简介及功能 5

第三章供电系统的建模与分析..7

3.1柴油机及其调速系统模型的建立 7

3.1.1调速系统的静动态特性 7

3.1.2柴油机调速系统的数学模型的建立 9

3.1.3柴油机的数学模型的建立 10