摘要：随着家用电器数量的增加，家庭用电安全和家庭电源监控问题得到了广泛的关注。而传统的保险丝跳闸保护的方式不够安全和智能，面对日益凸显和有待解决的家庭电源检测问题，本文设计了一款基于AT89C51单片机的家庭小型电源监控系统。该系统主要有AT89C51主控电路、电源电流检测电路、电缆温度检测电路、过流超温报警跳闸电路和显示电路几个部分组成。本系统的设定温度报警的上限为45摄氏度，电流报警上限为40A。当出现电流和温度超过报警上限的时候，该系统就会自动的发出报警，并同时触发跳闸动作。由此实现了家庭小型电源系统的监控功能，能够在线路出现电流过大和温度过高时发出报警，并无限时断开电源。该系统能够很好的监控家庭小型电源，预防触电、电器失火等家庭电器事故的发生，具有一定的实用性。57724

毕业论文关键词：家庭电源，单片机，温度传感器，安全监控

Abstract：With the increasing number of the household electrical appliances, the safety and the monitoring of household electrical have aroused widely concerned. As we all known, it is not enough safe and intelligent that using the traditional way of fuse tripping to protect the household electrical appliances. Facing the series problems, this thesis designed a small power monitoring and control system for a family based on AT89C51 microcontroller, which includes the AT89C51 main control circuit, power source current detection circuit, the cable temperature detection circuit, over-current, over-heat alarm tripping circuit and display circuit. This system set up to 45 degrees Celsius temperature and 40A current limit alarm to achieve the function of monitoring. So when there is a current and temperature exceeding the maximum limit alarm, the system will automatically send alarm, and trigger tripping action at the same time. The system can do a good job in monitoring family of small power supply, and it is practical to prevent people from getting an electric shock, and electrical fires accidents and so on.

Key words:  family power, SCM, temperature sensor, security monitoring

目  录

1绪论 4

1.1课题背景 4

1.2设计的目的和意义 5

2总体方案设计 5

2.1本设计的主要任务 5

2.2本系统的设计方案总图 5

3系统硬件设计 6

3.1 单片机主控电流 6

3.1.1 AT89C51最小系统 6

3.2 测温传感器的选择 8

3.2.1 DS18B20的特点及选择原因 8

3.2.2 DS18B20与单片机接口 8

3.3电流检测电路设计 8

3.3.1电流互感器 8

3.3.2电流检测电路 10

3.3.3 ADC0809与单片机接口设计 10

3.4 LED显示电路 11

3.4.1 LED显示器的选择 11

3.4.2 LED显示器与单片机接口设计 12

3.5 报警电路设计 13

3.6自动跳闸电路设计 13

4系统软件设计 14

4.1主程序设计 14

4.2 中断子程序的设计